JURNAL ILMIAH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STUDENT
Jurnal Ilmiah Research and Development Student, p-ISSN: 2988-6058 (Cetak), e-ISSN: 2988-5922 (Online) adalah jurnal yang ditujukan untuk publikasi artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh CV ALIMS Publishing. Jurnal Ilmiah Research and Development Student merupakan platform publikasi jurnal Karya suatu hasil penelitian orisinil atau tinjauan Pustaka yang ditulis oleh dosen atau mahasiswa. Ruang lingkup karya yang diterbitkan mencakup Multidisiplin diantaranya yaitu: Manajemen, Ekonomi, Ekonomi Syariah, Akuntansi, Kewirausahaan, Bisnis, Ilmu Sosial Humaniora, Sastra, Bahasa, Pertanian, Kesehatan, Peternakan, perikanan, Politik, Pendidikan, Ilmu Teknik, Sistem Informasi, Teknik Elektro dan Informatika, Desain Komunikasi Visual, Hukum, . Jurnal ini terbit 1 tahun 3 kali (Februari, Juni, September). Jurnal ini terakreditasi SINTA 5 (SK Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 156/C/C3/KPT/2026 tanggal 7 April 2026, tentang Pemberitahuan Hasil Akreditasi Jurnal Ilmiah Periode 2 Tahun 2025), dimulai dari Volume 1 Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 sampai Volume 5 Nomor 2 Tahun 2027.
Profil Kebugaran Jasmani Mahasiswa Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga: Analisis Deskriptif Komponen Biomotorik Utama
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memetakan profil tingkat kebugaran jasmani pada mahasiswa Kepelatihan Olahraga Kelas C Universitas Jambi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 17 mahasiswa yang diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi rangkaian tes kebugaran jasmani yang terdiri dari Squat Jump, Agility Cone Drill, Vertical Jump, Standing Broad Jump Test, Seated Medicine Ball Throw, Standing Long Jump, serta Three-Hop kaki kanan dan kiri. Pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan statistik deskriptif untuk mencari nilai rata-rata (mean), nilai tertinggi (maksimum), dan nilai terendah (minimum). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya variasi kemampuan fisik yang cukup signifikan antarmahasiswa. Diperoleh nilai rata-rata yaitu: Squat Jump (14 kali) , Agility Cone Drill (38 kali) , Vertical Jump (240 cm) , Standing Broad Jump (2,22 m) , Seated Medicine Ball Throw (3,32 m) , Standing Long Jump (2,30 m) , Three Hop kaki kanan (5,45 m) , dan Three Hop kaki kiri (5,70 m). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tingkat kebugaran jasmani mahasiswa Kepelatihan Olahraga kelas C secara umum berada pada kategori cukup baik, namun peningkatan melalui program latihan terencana masih diperlukan bagi mahasiswa dengan skor minimum.
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Persepsi Pasien Terminal Terhadap Dukungan Spiritual Sebagai Bagian Dari Asuhan Keperawatan Paliative
Terminal patients treated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) often experience physical, psychological, social, and spiritual distress due to life-threatening conditions. Spiritual support is considered an important component of holistic nursing care that can help patients achieve peace, acceptance, and emotional comfort during end-of-life care. This study aimed to explore terminal patients’ perceptions of spiritual support as part of nursing care in the ICU at Royal Prima Hospital Jambi. This research used a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Participants were selected using purposive sampling techniques, involving seven terminal patients who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. The findings identified four main themes: experiences of crisis and uncertainty in ICU care, spirituality as a coping mechanism, nurses’ spiritual support as part of holistic nursing and positive perceptions of spiritual support in improving acceptance and emotional calmness. Participants perceived spiritual support through empathetic communication, emotional attention and facilitation of worship activities. Spiritual support provided by nurses contributed patients’ emotional stability, peace of mind and acceptance of their terminal condition. The study concludes that spiritual support is an essential aspect of holistic nursing care for terminal patients in ICU settings.
Konsep Pendidikan Anak dalam Islam Menurut Syekh Ali Jaber dan Buya Hamka
This research is motivated by the phenomenon of the decline of character and Islamic values in children during the digital era. Given the importance of the parent's role as the primary educator, references from relevant ulema are needed to strengthen the foundation of religious education from an early age. This study aims to determine and analyze the concept of child education in Islam in terms of Akidah (faith), Ibadah (worship), and Akhlak (morals) according to the perspectives of Sheikh Ali Jaber and Buya Hamka. This research is a type of library research. Primary data sources in this study include books and the thoughts of Sheikh Ali Jaber and Buya Hamka. Data collection techniques were carried out through documentation, while data analysis used the content analysis method. The results of the study show that: (1) The concept of child education in Islam according to Sheikh Ali Jaber includes the aspect of Akidah (teaching monotheism, faith, daily prayers, and love for the Prophet), the aspect of Ibadah (teaching prayer, memorizing the Qur'an, discipline in worship, and almsgiving), and the aspect of Akhlak which emphasizes using positive words and avoiding negative words that can break a child's heart. (2) The concept of children's education in Islam according to Buya Hamka, includes Aqidah education, namely educating children with monotheism, educating children with faith, educating children with piety. Worship Education, namely educating children to pray, educating children to read the Qur'an, educating children to be disciplined and regular in worship. Moral Education, namely educating children to be polite, educating children to respect each other, educating children to maintain social interactions, giving children Islamic names, educating not to spoil children, educating not to use force, educating children to be independent, educating children to be confident, educating children to strive, educating children to take care of their eyes and jewelry, educating children to respect their parents, educating children not to be rude, educating children to think kindly, educating children to help each other, educating children to be brave, educating children to be honest.
Kajian Yuridis terhadap Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Anak dalam Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan (Juvenile Homicide) berdasarkan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap anak pelaku tindak pidana pembunuhan berdasarkan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak di Indonesia. Permasalahan penelitian difokuskan pada pengaturan hukum positif mengenai pertanggungjawaban pidana anak serta penerapan teori kesalahan (schuld), kemampuan bertanggung jawab (toerekeningsvatbaarheid), dan keadilan restoratif dalam praktik peradilan anak. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus melalui analisis putusan perkara anak di Kota Manado. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertanggungjawaban pidana anak dalam tindak pidana pembunuhan telah memiliki dasar hukum yang jelas melalui ketentuan KUHP dan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Namun, dalam praktiknya masih ditemukan kecenderungan pendekatan formalistik, terutama dalam penilaian kesalahan dan kemampuan bertanggung jawab anak yang belum didukung asesmen psikologis secara komprehensif. Selain itu, penerapan keadilan restoratif dalam kasus pembunuhan oleh anak masih terbatas pada aspek pembinaan formal dan belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan pemulihan hubungan sosial antara pelaku, korban, dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan pendekatan multidisipliner dan pengembangan model peradilan anak yang lebih humanistik, rehabilitatif, dan berorientasi pada perlindungan masa depan anak.
Implementasi Hukum Pidana Internasional Genosida Etnis Rohingya Di Myanmar
Penerapan hukum pidana internasional pada era globalisasi modern memiliki peran penting dalam menegakkan keadilan global, melindungi hak asasi manusia, serta mencegah impunitas bagi pelaku kejahatan internasional berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implikasi dan hambatan penerapan hukum pidana internasional melalui kasus genosida etnis Rohingya di Myanmar. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan yuridis kualitatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan, kasus, dan konseptual. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan yang bersumber dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan hukum pidana internasional memberikan dampak penting, terutama dalam menjamin pertanggungjawaban pelaku genosida, kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan, dan kejahatan perang. Selain itu, penerapan hukum pidana internasional juga memperkuat nilai-nilai kemanusiaan serta mendukung terciptanya perdamaian dan keamanan internasional. Dalam kasus Rohingya, lembaga peradilan internasional seperti International Court of Justice (ICJ) dan International Criminal Court (ICC) memiliki peran penting dalam upaya penegakan keadilan bagi para korban. Namun demikian, proses penegakan hukum masih menghadapi berbagai hambatan, seperti keterbatasan yurisdiksi, lemahnya kerja sama antarnegara, kesulitan ekstradisi, kurangnya alat bukti, kepentingan politik, serta keterbatasan pendanaan dan tenaga ahli. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan kerja sama internasional, peningkatan komitmen negara, penguatan kelembagaan, pengembangan teknologi dan ilmu forensik, serta perlindungan yang lebih optimal bagi korban dan saksi guna meningkatkan efektivitas penegakan hukum pidana internasional. Dengan demikian, penerapan hukum pidana internasional yang efektif menjadi langkah penting dalam mewujudkan keadilan global dan perdamaian dunia yang berkelanjutan. Kata kunci: Hukum Pidana Internasional; Rohingya; Genosida; Keadilan Global; Hak Asasi Manusia.
Analisis Pengambilan Keputusan Strategis dalam Manajemen Pendidikan di Sekolah Dasar: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
Strategic decision-making is crucial in determining the quality and sustainability of elementary schools. However, school administrators often face challenges such as limited human resources, underutilization of data, and insufficient stakeholder engagement. This study aims to provide a systematic, in-depth, and comprehensive overview of the concepts and implementation of strategic decision-making in elementary school education management. The method used is descriptive qualitative research through a literature review, examining relevant books, scientific journals, and academic documents. The strategic decision-making process includes the stages of problem identification, data collection through SWOT analysis, formulation of alternatives, implementation, and periodic evaluation. There are three models of approach that can be applied: the classical, administrative, and incremental models. In the context of elementary schools, principals make decisions through deliberation mechanisms, incorporating input from various sources, and utilizing intuition. Principals’ strategic decision-making directly impacts the quality of institutional management. A democratic-participatory leadership approach has proven more effective in achieving shared goals. Principals are advised to enhance their data-driven decision-making capabilities and strengthen synergy with all stakeholders.
Strategi Peningkatan Hasil Prestasi Siswa pada Tes Kompetensi Akademik(TKA) Tingkat Madrasah Aliyah di Rembang
Academic achievement is a key indicator in assessing the success of the educational process, one measure of which is the Academic Competency Test (TKA). Achieving optimal TKA results requires well-planned and sustained learning strategies, in which teachers play a central role in their design. This study aims to describe teachers’ strategies for improving student performance on the Academic Competency Test (TKA). This study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. The research subjects are teachers, with data collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The results indicate that teachers implement six main strategies, namely: (1) strengthening TKA-based curriculum through the integration of content and the development of questions based on analysis and critical thinking; (2) conducting intensive practice programs in the form of specialized tutoring, practice exercises, and mock tests; (3) enhancing teacher competencies through training in the development of Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based questions and the application of innovative learning models such as problem-based learning and inquiry-based learning; (4) utilization of technology through the use of learning applications, e-learning platforms, and analysis of learning outcome data; (5) student guidance and support through academic mentoring, supplementary classes, and counseling services; and (6) enhancement of student learning motivation through the provision of continuous support. The findings of this study indicate that strategies systematically designed and implemented by teachers can improve students’ academic and mental readiness for the Academic Competency Test (TKA). Therefore, teachers play a crucial role in optimizing learning strategies to enhance students’ academic achievement.
Akreditasi sebagai Instrumen Penjaminan Mutu dalam Dunia Pendidikan
Accreditation is an essential instrument in the educational quality assurance system that functions to assess the feasibility and continuously improve the quality of educational institutions. This study aims to analyze the role of accreditation as an instrument of educational quality assurance, examine the importance of accreditation for schools, and explain the mechanisms and procedures for completing accreditation instruments. The study employed a qualitative approach using a library research method. Data were collected from various primary and secondary sources, including books, scientific journals, research articles, laws and regulations, and other relevant academic documents. Data collection was conducted through documentation studies, while data analysis employed content analysis through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that accreditation plays a strategic role in improving educational quality through the evaluation of educational standards, strengthening quality culture, enhancing institutional accountability, and increasing public trust. Accreditation also encourages continuous improvement in curriculum development, learning processes, human resources, facilities and infrastructure, and school governance. Furthermore, a systematic accreditation mechanism assists schools in conducting self-evaluation and sustainable quality development. Therefore, accreditation serves not only as an assessment tool but also as an instrument for fostering and developing educational institutions in order to achieve high-quality and competitive education.
Analisis Risiko dan Keuntungan Investasi Obligasi dan Sukuk: Studi Literatur pada Pasar Keuangan Indonesia
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko dan keuntungan investasi obligasi dan sukuk pada pasar keuangan Indonesia. Obligasi dan sukuk merupakan instrumen investasi yang memiliki peranan penting dalam perkembangan pasar modal karena digunakan sebagai sumber pendanaan bagi pemerintah maupun perusahaan serta menjadi alternatif investasi bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur melalui pengumpulan data dari jurnal ilmiah, artikel penelitian, buku referensi, dan penelitian terdahulu yang berkaitan dengan obligasi dan sukuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa obligasi memiliki keuntungan berupa pembayaran kupon bunga secara tetap dan berkala sehingga mampu memberikan pendapatan yang stabil bagi investor. Selain itu, obligasi memiliki tingkat likuiditas yang cukup tinggi dan dianggap lebih aman dibandingkan saham. Namun demikian, obligasi juga memiliki beberapa risiko seperti risiko gagal bayar, risiko pasar, risiko suku bunga, dan risiko likuiditas. Di sisi lain, sukuk sebagai instrumen investasi syariah menawarkan keuntungan berupa sistem investasi yang bebas dari unsur riba dan sesuai dengan prinsip syariah Islam. Sukuk juga memiliki underlying asset yang jelas sehingga dianggap lebih transparan dan aman bagi investor. Akan tetapi, sukuk tetap memiliki risiko seperti risiko gagal bayar, risiko likuiditas, dan risiko kepatuhan syariah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, obligasi dan sukuk memiliki kontribusi penting dalam mendukung perkembangan pasar modal Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, investor perlu memahami karakteristik, keuntungan, dan risiko dari obligasi maupun sukuk sebelum mengambil keputusan investasi agar dapat meminimalkan risiko kerugian dan memperoleh keuntungan yang optimal.
Analisis Teknik Penerjemahan pada Ekspresi Ketakutan Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Broken Strings
Translating expressions of fear in literary works has its own challenges because it not only involves structural language transfer, but also maintaining emotional meaning in the text, this is the basis for this study. This study aims to identify the translation techniques used in translating the main character's expression of fear in the novel Broken Strings and the forms of linguistic expression used. The study uses a qualitative descriptive method with Molina & Albir's translation technique theory in Translation Studies as the basis for data analysis. The results of the study show that the techniques used include literal translation, reduction, and modulation. The translation techniques used in this novel are literal translation techniques (53.85%), reduction (25.00%), and modulation (21.15%). The main character's expression of fear is described through phrases and clauses in the form of psychological, metaphorical, and physical expressions, with psychological expressions being the most dominant form. This study concludes that the most dominant translation technique used is literal translation and the expression of fear is not only translated structurally, but also attempts to maintain the emotional meaning of the main character in the target language.
The Pengaruh Rubrik Parametrik dan Transparansi Penalti terhadap Kepercayaan Evaluasi Mahasiswa Non-Desain
This mixed-methods study employing a pre-experimental design investigated the effectiveness of implementing a parametric rubric in fostering students’ trust in assessment objectivity within a graphic design course. The evaluation focused on three key aspects: the clarity of assignment instructions, technical constraints related to the use of Figma software, and the transparency of the grading penalty system. Multiple regression analysis revealed that instructional clarity and penalty transparency had a positive and statistically significant effect on students’ trust in grading objectivity, with the penalty component emerging as the most influential factor. In contrast, technical constraints did not demonstrate a statistically significant effect, as they functioned both as a learning support mechanism and as an adaptation burden for students. The implementation of a strict penalty system initially triggered a score shock phenomenon, characterized by a substantial decline in Midterm Examination scores. However, this condition encouraged students to engage in self-evaluation and improve their learning strategies through self-regulated learning. Positive outcomes were reflected in the significant recovery of learning achievement and the more even distribution of student performance by the end of the semester, demonstrating the role of the system as a fair academic safety net for non-design students. Furthermore, 93.1% of students expressed a preference for the objective parametric assessment system over subjective aesthetics-based evaluation. The study concludes that managing examination penalties through a parametric rubric can establish a fair, transparent, and accountable assessment standard in higher education design courses
Analisis Implementasi Transparansi dan Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah pada Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah (BPKAD) Kabupaten Tangerang
Transparent and accountable regional financial management is one of the essential principles in achieving good governance. This study aims to analyze the implementation of transparency and accountability in regional financial management at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) of Tangerang Regency. This research employed a qualitative approach using a descriptive method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with five informants consisting of the Head of General Affairs and Personnel Subdivision, Accounting Staff, Regional Government Information System (SIPD) Operator, Budget Division Staff, and the Information and Documentation Management Officer (PPID) of BPKAD Tangerang Regency. The interviews were conducted on June 3, 2026. The results show that transparency in regional financial management has been implemented through the provision of public information, the utilization of SIPD, and information services managed by PPID. Meanwhile, accountability is reflected in the preparation of financial reports in accordance with Government Accounting Standards (SAP), budget management that follows established procedures, as well as supervision and follow-up actions on audit findings. Supporting factors in the implementation of transparency and accountability include the use of information technology, the implementation of SIPD, and coordination among divisions. However, several obstacles were identified, including delays in data submission, technical issues within the system, and the limited public understanding of regional financial information. Overall, the implementation of transparency and accountability in regional financial management at BPKAD Tangerang Regency has been carried out quite well, although several aspects still need improvement.
Analisis Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Apbdes Di Desa Padarincang Kabupaten Serang
This study analyzes accountability in managing the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBDes) of Padarincang Village, Serang Regency. A descriptive qualitative approach was used through document analysis, observation of budget-publication media, and semi-structured interviews with village financial officers, the village secretary, the Village Consultative Body (BPD), and a community representative. Analysis refers to Mardiasmo's five accountability stages: planning, implementation, administration, reporting, and responsibility. The findings show that administrative accountability has been supported by Musrenbang, RKPDes preparation, BPD deliberation, Siskeudes-based administration, public banners and the village website, and semester monitoring by subdistrict officials and village facilitators. The 2025 APBDes totaled Rp1,619,408,864. Nevertheless, substantive accountability still needs improvement through periodic publication of budget realization, systematic documentation of public feedback, and stronger BPD and community oversight. The study integrates local budget data, field interviews, and five accountability indicators in one analytical framework.
Kajian Aqidah terhadap Praktik Law of Attraction yang Berkembang di Media Sosial Perspektif Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas
The rapid development of social media has popularized self-improvement trends, notably the Law of Attraction (LoA), which posits that positive thoughts and affirmations can attract desired realities. This phenomenon raises crucial questions regarding its compatibility with Islamic creed (aqidah). This study aims to analyze the practice of LoA on social media, examine it from an Islamic aqidah perspective, and evaluate it through the intellectual framework of Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. Employing a qualitative approach with a library research method, data were collected from the Qur’an, Hadith, al-Attas’s works, and relevant literature, then analyzed using descriptive-critical and content analysis methods. The findings indicate that while motivational aspects of LoA, such as optimism and goal-setting, align with the Islamic concept of ikhtiar (effort), the metaphysical claim that human thoughts or "universal energy" possess independent power to determine reality contradicts the principle of tawhid. Through al-Attas’s perspective, this phenomenon must be filtered using an Islamic worldview grounded in revelation to prevent the loss of adab. It is concluded that Muslims must be selective: adopting beneficial psychological motivation while rejecting beliefs that compromise absolute reliance on Allah.
Tinjauan Literatur Investigasi Keselamatan ATS : Analisis Kecelakaan dan Insiden Pesawat Udara
Aviation safety is a top priority in the global aviation industry, particularly concerning Air Traffic Services (ATS) which plays a critical role in preventing and investigating aircraft accidents and incidents. This literature review aims to analyze and synthesize findings from previous research on ATS Safety investigations, focusing on aircraft accidents and incidents during the period 2015-2024. The method employed is a narrative literature review using a targeted search strategy, drawing on relevant peer-reviewed journal articles, academic books, and official documents related to ATS Safety investigation. Inclusion criteria encompass peer-reviewed journal articles, official investigation reports from ICAO, KNKT, FAA, IATA, and Eurocontrol, as well as relevant case studies. A total of 28 sources were identified through a targeted search strategy, all of which met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in depth. Review results indicate that human factors consistently emerge as the most frequently discussed contributor to ATS-related aviation accidents and incidents, followed by technical and environmental factors. Findings also suggest that effective implementation of Safety Management Systems (SMS), continuous training for ATS personnel, and the use of modern surveillance technology can significantly reduce accident and incident risks. This study concludes the necessity of a proactive approach in ATS Safety management, including the development of a strong safety culture in every air traffic service unit.
Pengaruh Disiplin Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
This study focuses on the relationship between the regularity of study habits and pupils’ academic achievement at senior secondary school (SMA) level. The primary motivation for conducting this study is the phenomenon of declining study discipline among pupils. This is evident in habits such as procrastination, disorganised timetables, difficulties concentrating whilst the teacher is explaining, and breaches of school rules. To analyse this issue, the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with a qualitative descriptive approach was selected as the means of seeking answers. Data was collected through the examination of various written documents, such as scientific journals and research reports published over the last ten years (2015–2025). The findings indicate that discipline has a strong and decisive link to academic success. Students who demonstrate steadfastness in their studies are able to manage their time effectively, fulfil their school obligations regularly, and engage fully in classroom dynamics. This high level of responsibility leads to a comprehensive mastery of the subject matter and the attainment of optimal report card grades. Consequently, academic discipline is a key element in enhancing the performance of senior high school students and a driving force behind the smooth running of educational activities within the school.
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Otomotif Berbasis Chatbot Menggunakan DeBERTa
is study aims to develop an automotive chatbot system capable of providing contextual, accurate, and reference-based responses using the Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) approach. Conventional automotive information services often face limitations in delivering relevant technical information quickly and accurately. Large Language Models (LLMs) provide natural responses but still suffer from hallucination issues that may reduce answer reliability.To address this limitation, the proposed system integrates semantic retrieval using Multilingual E5 and reranking using DeBERTa v3 before generating responses through a Large Language Model. User queries and automotive documents are transformed into semantic vector representations, enabling retrieval based on contextual similarity rather than keyword matching. Retrieved documents are subsequently reranked to improve contextual relevance before being used as supporting knowledge during answer Generation.The system is implemented as a web-based application and evaluated using retrieval metrics and the RAGAS framework. Experimental results indicate that the proposed approach improves contextual understanding and answer relevance while reducing the possibility of hallucinated responses. The developed chatbot demonstrates the potential of Retrieval-augmented generation for supporting intelligent automotive information services. The evaluation results show that the proposed system achieved a Faithfulness score of 1.000, an Answer Relevancy score of 0.883, and a Context Precision score of 1.000. These results indicate that the integration of Multilingual E5 and DeBERTa v3 successfully improves contextual relevance while reducing the risk of hallucinated responses
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Publik pada Kantor UPT Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil di Kecamatan Bandar Laksamana Kabupaten Bengkalis
Bandar Laksamana District is one of the implementation of public administration services. Population services include population registration and civil registration. Public services are the responsibility of the government in order to meet the basic needs of the community and to improve community welfare. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of public services at the UPT Population and Civil Registration Office in Bandar Laksamana District, Bengkalis Regency. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method and with data collection through interviews, observations, and documentation. The data processing technique used by researchers is data analysis techniques. In this study, researchers used the Palralsuralmaln, Zeithalml, and Berry Theory which states that service quality is determined by five indicators, namely Direct Evidence (Tangibles), Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy. The results of the study indicate that public services at the UPT have not been implemented properly. The service still experiences obstacles, namely limited infrastructure and facilities and limited availability of technology, lack of socialization and education to the community about services, low work culture and employee discipline, the existence of employees who have unfriendly and indifferent attitudes, and the failure to achieve the principle of public service, namely equal rights. which should not differentiate between ethnicity, race, class, gender and economic status in providing services, but UPT employees in providing services still use the principle of family.
Kualifikasi Tindak Pidana terhadap Penggunaan Identitas Orang Lain dalam Transaksi Paylater oleh Anak di Bawah Umur
The rapid development of Buy Now Pay Later (PayLater) services has facilitated access to digital financing while simultaneously increasing the misuse of other people's identities by minors to obtain credit facilities. Such conduct raises legal issues regarding the proper criminal qualification, as it involves unauthorized use of personal data, manipulation of electronic information, identity forgery, and fraud. This study aims to analyze the criminal qualification of using another person's identity in PayLater transactions committed by minors under Indonesian criminal law. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches. Legal materials were analyzed qualitatively using a prescriptive method. The findings reveal that the unauthorized use of another person's identity in PayLater transactions is more appropriately classified as the criminal offense of fraud because the perpetrator intentionally uses another person's identity from the outset to unlawfully obtain credit facilities through deceitful conduct. Violations of the Personal Data Protection Law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, and the provisions on forgery under the Indonesian Criminal Code constitute accompanying offenses that reinforce the legal construction of fraud in PayLater transactions. Therefore, determining the appropriate criminal qualification requires a comprehensive approach that considers the characteristics of digital crime and the interrelationship among relevant legal regulations
Status Hukum Peraturan Pimpinan Badan Layanan Umum (BLU) yang Dikecualikan dalam Ketentuan Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa
The status of Public Service Agency (PSA) leadership regulations that are exempted from provisions on the procurement of goods and services. The main focus of this study is to examine the legal position of PSA internal regulations, particularly rector regulations within State Public Service Agency Universities (PTN BLU), and their impact on the implementation of goods and services procurement (PBJ). The problem arises because BLU internal regulations are often used as the basis for PBJ implementation, even though they are not recognized hierarchically in Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Legislation. This creates the potential for a conflict of norms with Presidential Regulation No. 16 of 2018 concerning PBJ and its derivative regulations, which can lead to legal uncertainty, weak accountability, and the risk of abuse of authority. This study uses a normative juridical method with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The legal materials used consist of primary legal materials in the form of relevant laws and regulations, as well as secondary legal materials in the form of literature, journals, and expert legal opinions. The analysis is conducted descriptively and qualitatively to examine the conformity between the applicable legal rules and the practice of drafting and implementing BLU internal regulations. position as internal rules that are technical and operational in nature and cannot replace higher laws and regulations. The use of internal regulations as the main basis for PBJ has the potential to cause legal uncertainty, dualism of norms, and weaken the principle of good governance in state financial management. Therefore, regulatory harmonization between BLU internal policies and national laws and regulations is needed through the revision of LKPP Regulations, the formulation of national PBJ guidelines specifically for BLUs, and the strengthening of regulatory oversight mechanisms.
The Sequential Dynamics of Indonesia's Decentralization Reform: Explaining Intergovernmental Power Redistribution through Faletti's Sequential Theory
Indonesia has implemented one of the world's most ambitious decentralization reforms since the 1998 Reformasi, transferring extensive administrative responsibilities, fiscal resources, and political authority to regional governments. Despite these institutional changes, the redistribution of intergovernmental power remains contested. Existing studies primarily examine administrative, fiscal, and political decentralization as separate institutional dimensions, offering limited explanation of how their sequencing shapes long-term central–local power relations. This study analyzes Indonesia's decentralization reform through Faletti's Sequential Theory of Decentralization using a normative legal research design supported by historical institutional analysis. Primary legal materials, including constitutional provisions and decentralization legislation enacted between 1999 and 2022, were examined alongside relevant scholarly literature. The findings indicate that Indonesia's decentralization followed an Administrative–Fiscal–Political (A→F→P) sequence in which administrative responsibilities were transferred before fiscal strengthening and political consolidation at the regional level. This sequence expanded regional governmental functions while preserving the central government's strategic control over institutional development and policy coordination. The study demonstrates that reform sequencing provides a more comprehensive explanation of Indonesia's decentralization trajectory than analyses focusing solely on legal or fiscal reforms. It also extends the application of Faletti's framework to a unitary state outside Latin America, contributing a process-oriented perspective for understanding intergovernmental power redistribution in decentralized governance.
The Effect of Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM) and Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) on Purchase Intention toward Music Concert Tickets in Indonesia
This study aims to examine the effect of Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM) and Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) on purchase intention toward music concert tickets. The study employed a quantitative approach with a causal research design. Data were collected through an online questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale. A total of 127 valid responses were analyzed after the data cleaning process. The independent variables consisted of E-WOM and FOMO, while the dependent variable was purchase intention. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS. The results show that E-WOM has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, with a regression coefficient of 0.453 and a significance value of 0.000. FOMO also has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, with a regression coefficient of 0.515 and a significance value of 0.000. Simultaneously, E-WOM and FOMO significantly influence purchase intention, as indicated by an F-value of 250.161 and a significance value of 0.000. The coefficient of determination shows that both variables explain 80.1% of the variance in purchase intention. These findings indicate that consumers’ intention to purchase music concert tickets is influenced by both informational factors from digital platforms and psychological pressure arising from social media exposure.
Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Kura-Kura menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining
Expert systems are widely applied in disease diagnosis, yet research on diagnosing turtle diseases remains limited, despite turtles being highly susceptible to bacterial, viral, and metabolic disorders that are difficult to identify due to non-specific symptoms. This study aims to design and build a web-based expert system for diagnosing turtle diseases using the Forward Chaining method. The system was developed using the Agile approach, covering literature study, expert data collection, system design, implementation, testing, and evaluation, and was built with PHP, MySQL, and Bootstrap. Knowledge data was obtained from interviews with experienced reptile veterinarians and relevant literature, resulting in three turtle diseases and ten symptoms compiled into an IF-THEN rule base. Black box testing showed that all eight test scenarios functioned as expected, indicating 100% system functionality. Accuracy testing by experts showed an accuracy rate of 88.89%. These findings indicate that the developed expert system can serve as a reliable preliminary diagnostic tool to support turtle owners, veterinarians, and conservation efforts.
Pengembangan Platform E-Commerce Toko Amesha Lightworks Berbasis UI/UX Design untuk Optimalisasi Customer Journey
The rapid development of e-commerce in Indonesia requires the provision of digital platforms that are not only functional but also prioritize user experience. This study aims to develop the AMESHA Lightworks e-commerce platform with a customer journey-based UI/UX approach to optimize sales conversion. It uses the Double Diamond method, which consists of discover, define, develop, and deliver. The initial phase involved analyzing user needs through a customer journey mapping study, followed by the creation of a high-fidelity prototype using Figma, which was then tested for usability. The prototype was then developed into a functional platform using modern web technology. Based on the evaluation of the prototype, an e-commerce platform with intuitive navigation and a responsive interface was produced, emphasizing the simplification of the checkout process from 5 to 3 steps and the optimization of the visualization of lighting furniture products. Usability testing showed an increase in task success rate by a certain percentage and a decrease in checkout completion time by a certain percentage at the end of the trial. The implementation of a customer journey-based UI/UX approach was quite effective in improving customer experience and sales conversion on the Toko AMESHA Lightworks e-commerce platform, and provided practical contributions to the development of furniture and lighting MSMEs in the digital era.
Fenomena Online Grooming terhadap Anak Korban Kekerasan Seksual Ditinjau dari Perspektif Viktimologi Kritis
Online grooming has become a serious form of child sexual exploitation as digital platforms increasingly influence children's social interactions. This study examines online grooming against child victims of sexual violence through the perspective of critical victimology, which highlights structural and institutional factors contributing to victimisation rather than viewing children as passive victims. Using a normative juridical method supported by qualitative literature review, this research analyses legal regulations, court decisions, and recent scholarly sources to evaluate the stages of online grooming, children's vulnerability, and the effectiveness of Indonesia's legal framework, including the Child Protection Law, Pornography Law, Electronic Information and Transactions Law, and Sexual Violence Crime Law. The findings show that Indonesian law lacks a specific provision addressing the preparatory and communication-based stages of grooming, as existing regulations generally require completed sexual acts, explicit content, or physical contact. Comparative analysis with Australia's grooming offence and the Lanzarote Convention highlights the need for legal reform. This study recommends revising Article 76E of the Child Protection Law, strengthening digital platform responsibilities, and providing psychosocial recovery mechanisms for child victims.
Determinan Harga Saham Perusahaan LQ45 Berdasarkan Bukti Cross-Section pada Kondisi Makroekonomi Indonesia Tahun 2025
This study aims to analyze the effect of company fundamental factors, proxied by Earning Per Share (EPS), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Return on Equity (ROE), on the stock prices of companies listed in the LQ45 index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Indonesia's macroeconomic conditions, represented by the rupiah exchange rate and the BI Rate, are used as the economic context of the study and are not estimated as independent variables, since the study relies on a single-period cross-sectional dataset. This study employs cross-sectional data from 38 LQ45 companies as of December 2025 and was analyzed using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method with EViews 13 software. The estimation results show that EPS has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, while DER and ROE have a negative and significant effect. The model explains 90.47% of the variation in stock prices (R² = 0.9047). These findings are consistent with signaling theory and capital structure theory, and have practical implications for investors in selecting stocks based on fundamental performance amid a relatively stable macroeconomic environment.
Studi Komparatif: Konflik Regional Tahun 1963–1966, Perspektif Buku Ajar Sejarah Nasional Indonesia & Malaysia
This study conducts a comparative analysis of how the Indonesia–Malaysia regional conflict of 1963–1966, known as Konfrontasi, is represented in the official national history textbooks of Indonesia and Malaysia. The research objects include Indonesia’s Sejarah Indonesia Kelas XII Kurikulum Merdeka (2022), Sejarah Indonesia Kelas XII Kurikulum 2013, and Malaysia’s Sejarah Tingkatan 5 KSSM (2020). Employing a qualitative comparative method with George Z.F. Bereday’s comparative analysis framework, the study examines narrative construction, ideological orientation, terminology selection, actor representation, and the influence of political interests on historical writing in educational contexts. The findings reveal significant divergences between the two countries’ textbooks: Indonesian textbooks tend to adopt a heroic-nationalist framing centered on Soekarno’s leadership and anti-neocolonial spirit, while Malaysia’s textbook emphasizes the communist threat narrative and international diplomatic resolution. The Kurikulum Merdeka textbook shows a marked reduction in Konfrontasi coverage compared to Kurikulum 2013, shifting from a heroic-expository approach to a more multi-perspectival and reflective framework. These differences reflect how ideological interests and bilateral political dynamics shape the construction of collective memory through formal education, highlighting the need for more balanced and transnational historical narratives in history education.
Uji Validitas Konstruk Skala Lingkaran Pertemanan di Tempat Kerja pada Populasi Indonesia
This study aims to validate the Workplace Friendship Scale (WFS) developed by Nielsen, Jex, and Adams (2000) in the Indonesian population. The WFS measures two dimensions of workplace friendship: Friendship Opportunity (FO) and Friendship Prevalence (FP). A total of 210 employees from various organizations in Indonesia participated in this study. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to examine the construct validity of the scale. The initial two-factor model did not meet the goodness-of-fit criteria (CFI = 0.876; TLI = 0.842; RMSEA = 0.080). After modification by removing problematic items and dimensions, the final model with one factor (Friendship Prevalence) consisting of four items showed acceptable fit (CFI = 0.964; TLI = 0.893; SRMR = 0.031). The reliability coefficient for the final scale was adequate (Cronbach's alpha = 0.794; AVE = 0.497). The results suggest that the modified WFS with four items measuring Friendship Prevalence is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring workplace friendship in the Indonesian context.
Legal Analysis of Paylater Transactions from a Contemporary Fiqh Perspective
The development of financial technology has introduced PayLater as a digital payment innovation allowing consumers to acquire goods first with deferred payment. This convenience has driven increased PayLater usage in Indonesia, especially among younger generations, while simultaneously raising Islamic legal issues related to contracts, interest, late penalties, and uncertainty (gharar). This study aims to analyze the legal status of PayLater transactions from a contemporary fiqh perspective by examining fiqh muamalah principles, DSN-MUI fatwas, and contemporary scholarly opinions. The research employs a qualitative approach with library research methodology, collecting data from national and international scientific journals (2022–2026), DSN-MUI fatwas, fiqh muamalah books, and related literature, then analyzing them using descriptive and content analysis techniques. The findings reveal that the legal status of PayLater is conditional, depending on the contract form and its compliance with Sharia principles. Transactions containing riba, gharar, and exploitative penalties contradict Islamic law, whereas financing systems based on Sharia contracts such as murabahah and wakalah bil ujrah have the potential to serve as alternatives aligned with contemporary fiqh values. This study recommends developing Sharia-based PayLater that is transparent, just, and oriented toward public welfare in accordance with maqāṣid al-syarī'ah.
Analisis Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Tatanan Hukum Indonesia
The rapid use of the internet among junior high school (SMP) students increases the risk of digital crime, especially phishing. This community service activity aims to strengthen digital literacy and cybersecurity awareness of SMP Negeri 3 students in Sorong City, Southwest Papua. The program is carried out by the Victory Sorong University team through five systematic stages, namely socialization, training, technology application, evaluation, and program sustainability. Interactive methods were used to increase student engagement, including participatory lectures, phishing case simulations, ROT13 encryption practices, two-factor authentication demonstrations, and technology-themed educational chain sentence games. The results showed a significant improvement in students' ability to identify the characteristics of phishing and understand its prevention measures. A game-based learning approach has proven effective in building students' active engagement as well as strengthening basic cybersecurity competencies. This activity has a positive impact in the form of increasing digital literacy, forming safe internet habits, and collective awareness of cyber threats. Thus, this program can be used as a model of continuous education to strengthen the culture of digital security among junior high school students.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Quizizz dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas VI di SDN Ngesrep 03 Semarang
The rapid development of information technology has transformed conventional learning into interactive digital learning. One of the most widely used learning platforms is Quizizz, a game-based learning application that provides interactive quizzes, leaderboards, automatic scoring, and instant feedback. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Quizizz-based learning media in improving the learning motivation of sixth-grade students at SDN Ngesrep 03 Semarang. This study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design. The participants were sixth-grade students who participated in classroom learning using Quizizz. Data were collected through learning motivation questionnaires, classroom observations, documentation, and learning achievement results. Descriptive statistical analysis was applied to examine changes in students' learning motivation before and after implementing Quizizz. The findings indicate that Quizizz significantly improves students' learning motivation. Improvements were observed in learning enthusiasm, classroom participation, attention to learning materials, confidence in answering questions, and willingness to achieve better academic performance. Furthermore, the gamification features of Quizizz created a more enjoyable learning environment that encouraged students to participate actively throughout the learning process. This study concludes that Quizizz is an effective digital learning medium for improving elementary students' learning motivation and can be implemented as an innovative instructional and assessment tool.
Liaison Officer and Business Consultant on Tenants Siomay Pa'dee and Cahaya Kebab & Burger
The Polbeng Business Exhibition is an event organized by students of the International Business Administration Study Program at the Bengkalis State Polytechnic as a form of applying the business theories learned during lectures. This event serves as a platform for promotion, entrepreneurship training, and a means of introducing MSME products to the community. This project focuses on Siomay Pa'dee and Cahaya Kebab & Burger, two participants in the Polbeng Business Expo Chapter II. The objective of this project is to analyze the preparation process, implementation, and results achieved by both MSMEs during the exhibition, particularly in terms of promotion, business management, and digital marketing. The methods used include observation and documentation. Additionally, the role of the liaison officer is crucial in bridging communication and coordination between organizers, MSME participants, and other stakeholders, while the business consultant provides recommendations for business development from preparation to evaluation during the expo. The project results show that the tenants' participation in the expo successfully increased product promotion through the creation of profile videos, promotional videos, product catalog, and digital marketing strategies on various social media platforms. In addition, financial reports and activity logs are important tools in evaluating the performance of MSMEs. This expo proved to be beneficial for students as practical experience in event and business management, as well as for MSMEs as a means to expand their market reach and enhance their business image.
Case Study on the Liaison Officer MSMEs Dhira Donut Kentang and Es Teler Tropical
This research aims to support MSMEs, especially Dhira Donut Kentang and Es Teler Tropical, through the Polbeng Business Expo by improving digital marketing, creating business profiles, product catalogs, promotional videos, and implementing QRIS payment methods. The Expo also helps these MSMEs reach a wider market and increase public awareness of their products. The project uses three stages: preparation, implementation, and accomplishment. The results show that the Liaison Officer plays an important role in connecting MSMEs with potential customers, while the Business Consultant provides useful guidance related to digital marketing and operational improvements. Dhira Donut Kentang and Es Teler Tropical gained several benefits, including increased product visibility on social media, more efficient transactions through QRIS, and better understanding of financial management through structured financial reports. Overall, the Polbeng Business Expo successfully supports the development of MSMEs through innovative and strategic approaches.
Mengurai Adaptasi Karir Lintas Batas: Studi Fenomenologi Entrepreneurial Mindset Lulusan Sains dan Sosial di Sektor Pendidikan dan Kuliner
The dynamics of the labor market in Indonesia currently demonstrate an increasingly complex pattern of career diversification. University graduates frequently undertake dual roles that are not aligned with their formal educational backgrounds. This phenomenon indicates that individuals no longer rely solely on their professional identities but increasingly require adaptive career strategies to maintain economic stability while simultaneously pursuing new opportunities. This study explores the process of cross-boundary career adaptation and the development of an entrepreneurial mindset among three administrative staff members at Universitas Islam Balitar with educational backgrounds in International Relations, Chemistry, and Mathematics. Employing an interpretive-hermeneutic phenomenological approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation, and subsequently analyzed using the modified Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen procedure (Moustakas, 1994). The research was conducted from January to June 2026. The analysis generated four major themes: (1) the transformation of formal academic skills into strategic capital within entrepreneurial activities; (2) dual orientations between bureaucratic stability and business opportunities; (3) identity negotiation and role synchronization; and (4) the entrepreneurial mindset as the primary driver of career adaptation. The phenomenological synthesis reveals that cross-boundary career adaptation represents a form of Coerced Career Construction, in which individuals integrate Savickas’ four dimensions of career adaptability with an entrepreneurial mindset to transform formal cognitive skills into strategic assets within informal agribusiness activities. This study contributes to Savickas’ theory by identifying non-linear cognitive skill transfer as a key mechanism of adaptation and by emphasizing the significance of the entrepreneurial mindset as a crucial psychosocial component within emerging economic contexts.
Analisis Manajemen Waktu pada Pembangunan Gedung Pabik PT. Sumber Mulya Grand Organik di Desa Ngadri Kecamatan Binangun dengan Menggunakan Metode Jalur Kritis dan Floating CPMP
World civilization is always changing in various areas of human life. Along with the development of housing, buildings, production infrastructure and other facilities. In project development, there are several important aspects to be considered by the construction implementer in this case the contractor including time, cost, quality and work safety. Project development will achieve success if the project development implementer is able to complete the project development according to the specified schedule, available costs, quality and work safety that have been determined. The purpose of this study is to determine the critical work on the construction project of the PT. Sumber Mulya Grand Organik Factory Building using Microsoft Project 2024. In addition, it is also to determine the work network (Network Project) on the construction work of the PT. Sumber Mulya Grand Organik Factory Building in Ngadri Village, Binangun District, Blitar Regency. The data were obtained through interviews, documentation, observation and checklists. Data analysis used is using the critical path method and floating CPM. The research results, when viewed from the critical path analysis and floating CPM, show that the project construction period is 91 calendar weeks, with the critical path consisting of installing signboards, outsets/bouplanks, excavation work, tight concrete casting, concrete foot plates, installing river stone foundations, backfilling, making 15/20 concrete slopes, installing 12/15 concrete columns, installing 12/15 concrete ring beams, H-beam iron truss work, purlin work, installing rafters and H-beam iron battens, installing metal spandek roof tiles, installing zinc gutters, installing metal planks, sand filling and floor plastering, installing 60 x 60 floor tiles, wall plastering, new wall paint, installing gypsum, painting ceilings, and cleaning. All were carried out in detail and fulfilling the project's goal of completing the work quickly, meaning that the specified timeframe of 190 days was achieved in 91 days.
Tinjauan Yuridis Pengelolaan Kawasan Hutan dengan Tujuan Khusus dalam Kerangka Hukum Kehutanan: Kajian Literatur
Special Purpose Forest Areas (KHDTK) are forest areas used for limited purposes, including research, education, training, and religious and cultural purposes, without altering the areas primary function. The regulation of Special Purpose Forest Areas (KHDTK) has evolved since its inception in Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry, and subsequent regulatory changes following the enactment of the legal basis for Special Purpose Forest Areas (KHDTK), the consistency of the hierarcy of laws and regulations, and legal issues in their implementation. The method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach through a literature review of previous laws and research. The results show that the regulation of Special Purpose Forest Areas (KHDTK) has evolved through six regulatory stages, with the main issue emerging after the issuance of Government Regulation Number 23 of 2021, which reinstated KHDTK despite tha lack of explicit delegation in the Job Creation Law, Furthermore, KHDTK management still faces various obstacles, such as encroachment, overlapping permits, tenure conflicts, and unclear boundaries. Therefore, its is necessary to strengthen the legal basis, accelerate the arrangement of regional boundaries, and involve the community in a participatory manner to increase the effectiveness of KHDTK management.
Keanekaragaman Hayati pada Kawasan Hutan Konservasi dan Kegiatan Pengelolaan Hutan Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 Tentang Kehutanan
Conservation forest are areas that have a strategic function in maintaining biodiversity, maintaining ecosystem balance, and ensuring the sustainability of natural resources. Indonesia, as one of the megabiodiversity countries, has a very high wealth of flora and fauna, thus requirung a sustainable forest management system supported by strong policies. This study aims to analyze the concept of biodiversity in conservation forest areas, the history of forest use, agreements in forest management, the scope of forest management, anf Forest Areas with Special Purposes (KHDTK) based on law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry. The study used a qualitative method with a literature study approach (library research) through the review of various books, scientific journals, laws and regulation, and official documents related to forestry. Data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method by identifying, grouping, and interpreting relevant theories, concepts, and regulations. The result of the study indicate that sustainable forest management must integrate aspects of conservation, utilization, protection, and rehabilitation of forests in a balanced manner. Law Numer 41 of 1999 provides the legal basis for forestry management, which includes forestry planning, forest management, research and development, education and training, outreach, and forestry supervision. Furthermore, the establishment of KHDTK plays a crucial role in supporting research, education, training, and the preservation of cultural and religious values without altering the primary function of forest areas. Therefore, conservation forest management, supported by regulations, law enforcement, and synergy between the governmnet, communities, academics, and other stakeholders, is expected to maintain the sustainability of biodiversity while providing sustainable ecological, social, and economic benefits for current and future generations.
Kajian Literatur Mengenai Pengelolaan Kawasan Hutan dengan Tujuan Khusus sebagai Upaya Konservasi Keanekaragaman Hayati Berdasarkan UU Nomor 41 Tahun 1999
Special Purpose Forest Areas (KHDTK), as regulated in Article 8 of Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry, are legal instruments that provide additional functions to forest areas without changing their primary functions, and in practice are often directed towards education, research, and biodiversity conservation. This study aims to analyze the extent to which KHDTK management is effective as a biodiversity conservation instrument outside formal conservation areas, and to identify supporting and inhibiting factors for its optimization. The study used a systematic literature review method for national regulations, policy documents, and scientific articles discussing KHDTK management in the 2015–2025 publication period, which were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively using content analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that KHDTK such as Penggaron (Diponegoro University), Samboja (East Kalimantan), and the Mulawarman University Research and Education Forest (HPPUM) contain significant flora and fauna wealth, but their conservation effectiveness is greatly influenced by the clarity of area boundaries, the intensity of anthropogenic pressures, and the involvement of management institutions and surrounding communities. A gap was also identified between generic regulatory design and the need for adaptive management based on the ecological characteristics of the site. The study concluded that optimizing KHDTK as a conservation instrument requires strengthening collaborative governance, integrating management plans with current biodiversity data, and harmonizing regulatory derivatives following the Job Creation Law. This study provides a conceptual contribution to the development of KHDTK management policies that are more oriented toward conservation outcomes, rather than simply area designation status.
Perspektif Hukum Islam terhadap Dampak Alat Kontrasepsi bagi Keharmonisan Hubungan Suami Istri
The use of contraceptives has become a common practice in society and is generally permitted under both Islamic law and positive law. Various types of contraceptives, including hormonal and non-hormonal as well as temporary and permanent methods, are widely used by married couples, including those in Sumberejo Village, Banyuputih District, Situbondo Regency. This study aims to analyze the impact of contraceptive use on marital harmony and to examine the Islamic legal perspective regarding these impacts. The research focuses on the negative effects of contraceptive use on marital harmony and the Islamic legal view concerning such effects. This study employed a mixed-methods approach using a concurrent embedded strategy, with qualitative research as the primary method supported by quantitative analysis. The findings indicate that hormonal contraceptives influence marital harmony through changes in physical appearance, marital intimacy, and the potential to have children. Statistical analysis revealed a significant effect of hormonal contraceptive use on marital harmony, as indicated by a calculated t-value of 3.868, which exceeded the critical t-value of 1.66023, with a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05). From the perspective of Islamic law, the use of hormonal contraceptives is generally permissible provided that it does not contradict Islamic principles. If disputes arise due to their use, the concept of ishlah (reconciliation), as proposed by Imam Al-Shafi'i in Al-Umm, may serve as an appropriate solution to preserve marital harmony and family stability.
Respons Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai (Glycine Max L.) terhadap Aplikasi Kascing pada Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan di Tanah Ultisol
Ultisol soil has limited fertility and low water-holding capacity, making it susceptible to drought stress in soybean cultivation. The application of kascing organic fertilizer has the potential to improve the soil's physical and chemical properties and enhance the plants' tolerance to water stress. This study aims to analyze the effect of kascing doses on soybean growth and yield under varying levels of drought stress in Ultisol soil. The study used a two-factor factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The first factor was cassava dosage (0, 5, and 10 tons ha⁻¹) and the second factor was drought stress levels (100%, 75%, and 50% of field capacity). Observed parameters included plant height, number of leaves, number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant, seed yield per hectare, and soil organic matter content. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and the 5% LSD test. Research results show that the application of composting increases soybean growth and yield significantly. Drought stress reduces productivity, but the application of composting can mitigate the negative effects of drought. The combination of 10 tons ha⁻¹ of composting at 75% field capacity produced the highest productivity of 3.42 tons ha⁻¹.
Penerapan Home Garden dalam Meningkatkan Ketahanan Pangan dan Solidaritas oleh Ibu Rumah Tangga di Desa Sibalanga
This study aims to analyze the application of home gardens by housewives to improve food security and strengthen social solidarity in Sibalanga Village. The theoretical study uses the concepts of food security, empowerment theory, and Emile Durkheim's theory of social solidarity. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, with key informants, housewives and the HePI Foundation. The results show that the application of home gardens can increase the availability, access, and diversity of family food, and reduce dependence on the market. In addition, this activity also strengthens social solidarity through the practice of mutual cooperation, sharing seeds, and harvests among residents. Assistance from the foundation also increases community knowledge and skills in yard management. In conclusion, home gardens not only function as a household-based food security strategy, but also as a means of empowerment and strengthening social relations in rural communities.
Politik Hukum Restorative Justice dalam Pembaruan Hukum Pidana Indonesia: Antara Kepastian Hukum dan Keadilan Substantif
The reform of Indonesia's criminal law has positioned restorative justice as a key paradigm for resolving criminal cases by emphasizing the restoration of victims, offenders, and society rather than focusing solely on punishment. Nevertheless, its implementation continues to encounter significant normative challenges, particularly regarding legal certainty, consistency of application, and the scope of authority exercised by law enforcement agencies. The coexistence of various legal instruments governing restorative justice has created inconsistencies that may lead to disparities in law enforcement and undermine the objectives of national criminal law reform. This study aims to examine the legal policy of restorative justice within Indonesia's criminal justice system and to analyze its role in balancing legal certainty with substantive justice. This research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Legal materials were collected through library research and analyzed using a prescriptive legal method. The findings indicate that the legal policy of restorative justice reflects a paradigm shift from retributive justice toward a restorative criminal justice system that prioritizes social reconciliation and the protection of the rights of all parties. However, its effective implementation requires regulatory harmonization, clearer operational guidelines, and stronger legal certainty to prevent inconsistent discretionary practices among law enforcement institutions. This study proposes a legal policy model that integrates substantive justice with legal certainty to strengthen the implementation of restorative justice within Indonesia's criminal justice system.
Prinsip Halalan Thayyiban dan Deteksi Tadlis Mutu pada Sistem Prasmanan di Bleusky Resto Semarang
Culinary quality evaluation is often dominated by conventional marketing, whereas Muslim consumers require a religio-ethical approach based on Islamic law. This study aims to analyzes the food and beverage quality in the breakfast buffet system at Bleusky Resto Semarang through contemporary Sharia Economic Law. The research method used in this research is empirical legal research applied a sequential integrative approach. Primary data were gathered from a survey of 33 customers, while secondary data came from fiqh muamalah literature. Analysis combined percentage descriptive statistics and content analysis via deductive-inductive reasoning. The research results show that the restaurant's operations generally comply with sharia, reflected by customer satisfaction regarding halalan thayyiban and hybrid contract mechanisms on dishes' freshness (84.90%) and fruit options (91.00%). However, a critical gap potentially triggering tadlis quality issues (information asymmetry) was found in beverages, where using fresh fruits for juice scored the lowest (57.50%). Complaint management is vital for enforcing Khiyar al-Aib to protect Muslim consumers, ensuring mutual consent and the protection of life.
Memahami Hadis Qailullah: Analisis Tekstual dan Kontekstual Atas Matan Qīlū Fa-Inna Al-Syayāṭīna Lā Taqīlu
This research is focused on the hadith of the Prophet PBUH about qailullah, which is a short break during the day recommended by the Prophet PBUH. The hadith emphasizes the importance of qailullah through the use of fi'il amr (commandment) in matan, and mentions that leaving it resembles the devil. The purpose of this research is to examine the validity of the hadith and understand its content textually and contextually so that its relevance in modern life can be known. The research uses a qualitative approach with library research methods and tahlili analysis. The textual approach is carried out through linguistic analysis and ushul rules, while the contextual approach is through historical, sociological, anthropological, and physiological analysis. The results of the study show that textually, qailullah means activities that are stopped from various activities, both with sleep and not sleeping. The mention of Satan is understood as a symbol of evil or misfortune, not a direct resemblance to a person who does not do qailullah. Contextually, the recommendation is related to the condition of the Arab community which has a hot climate and needs rest in the middle of activities. Thus, qailullah can be understood as a form of balance in activities, which is relevant to maintain the health, focus, and productivity of modern society.
Penggunaan Media Sosial oleh Advokat Ditinjau dari Kode Etik Advokat
The development of information technology has transformed the way advocates interact with the public. Social media is used not only as a means of communication but also as a medium for legal education, personal branding, and promotion of legal services. This situation has given rise to debate regarding the ethical limits of social media use by advocates based on the Indonesian Advocates' Code of Ethics. This study aims to analyze social media use by advocates from the perspective of the professional code of ethics through a literature study approach. The method used is a literature review of various scientific articles, laws and regulations, and ethical code documents published in the last five to ten years. The results of the study indicate that the use of social media by advocates is, in principle, permissible as long as it is used for legal education, information dissemination, and professional communication. However, excessive use of social media for promotional purposes, revealing the identity or confidentiality of clients, guaranteeing victory in cases, or attacking others constitutes a violation of the principle of professional honor. Therefore, a clearer interpretation of the provisions of the code of ethics is needed to accommodate developments in digital technology without compromising the values ​​of advocate professionalism.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Modul dan Jobsheet Pada Trainer Instalasi Penerangan Listrik di SMKN 1 Kramatwatu
This research is based on the limited learning media in the electrical lighting installation subject, and the lack of modules and jobsheets to support the use of trainers in practical activities. Therefore, this study aims to produce learning media in the form of modules and jobsheets for the Electrical Lighting Installation subject and to find out the level of eligibility. This research uses the R&D (Research and Development) method with the 4D development model, which includes the define, design, develop, and disseminate stages. The final product of this study is a module and jobsheet for the Electrical Lighting Installation subject. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The data were analyzed using a Likert scale to measure the feasibility of the product based on evaluations from material experts, media experts, and user responses. The results of the study show that the module and jobsheet learning media that have been developed are very suitable to be used in practical learning. The final step in making the module and jobsheet is a feasibility test by material experts and user responses, tested by lecturers from Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, teachers, and several students of SMKN 1 Kramatwatu. After the feasibility test, the results show a feasibility percentage of 92% from users, 84.8% from material experts, and 89.5% from media experts. Based on these results, the module and jobsheet learning media are categorized as very feasible to use.
Analisis Tradisi Pemberian Nama (Famatörö Töi) Anak Pertama Bagi Masyarakat Nias di Kecamatan Botomuzöi, Kabupaten Nias
Famatörö Töi is a tradition of naming the first child in the Nias community that is passed down from generation to generation and contains cultural, social, and religious values. Previous studies generally discuss the practice of naming from the perspective of customary law, social identity, and social status, but studies on the Famatörö Töi tradition for the first child in the context of social change are still limited. The novelty of this research lies in the analysis of the symbolic meaning, implementation process, and changes in the Famatörö Töi tradition using George Herbert Mead's Symbolic Interactionism theory. This study aims to analyze the meaning, implementation, changes, and functions of the Famatörö Töi tradition in the lives of the Nias community in Botomuzöi District. The results show that Famatörö Töi is interpreted as a symbol of prayer, hope, respect for ancestors, and family identity. Its implementation includes family preparation (Mangowuloi Talifusö), name determination, naming procession, and expression of gratitude. Despite changes due to modernization, education, economic conditions, technological developments, and religion, this tradition remains intact and plays a role in strengthening kinship ties and strengthening the community's socio-religious identity. The method used was descriptive qualitative research, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.