JURNAL ILMIAH TEKNIK INDUSTRI DAN INOVASI
JURNAL ILMIAH TEKNIK INDUSTRI DAN INOVASI (JISI) memuat hasil-hasil penelitian dalam bidang Teknik dan Manajemen Industri, yang belum pernah dipublikasikan atau sedang dikirim pada jurnal lain. lingkup jurnal meliputi : Desain dan Pengukuran Pekerjaan Riset dan Analisis Operasi Analisis Ekonomi Teknik Rekayasa Fasilitas dan Manajemen Energi Teknik Kualitas dan Reliabilitas Faktor Ergonomi dan Manusia Teknik dan Manajemen Operasi Manajemen Suplai Chain Manajemen Teknik Safety Teknik Informasi Desain dan Pengembangan Produk Desain dan Rekayasa Sistem . Jurnal ini terbit 1 tahun 4 kali (Januari, April, Juli dan Oktober). Jurnal ini terakreditasi SINTA 5 (SK Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 156/C/C3/KPT/2026 tanggal 7 April 2026, tentang Pemberitahuan Hasil Akreditasi Jurnal Ilmiah Periode 2 Tahun 2025), dimulai dari Volume 1 Nomor 3 Tahun 2023 sampai Volume 6 Nomor 2 Tahun 2028.
Eliminasi Waste pada Produk Pipa Baja Non-American Petroleum Institute (Api) di PT. XYZ dengan Pendekatan Lean Manufacturing
PT. XYZ is a manufacturing company engaged in steel pipe production. In the production process of non-American Petroleum Institute (API) steel pipes, the company still experiences various types of waste, resulting in an inefficient production process. The identified wastes include defects, waiting, transportation, and non-value-added activities, which contribute to increased production time and reduced productivity. This study aims to analyze the major wastes occurring in the non-API steel pipe production process and propose improvements using the Lean Manufacturing approach. The methods employed in this study include Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Value Stream Analysis Tools (VALSAT), Process Activity Mapping (PAM), and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Data were collected through direct observation, interviews, and documentation of the production process. The results indicate that the dominant wastes affecting the production process are defects, waiting, and transportation. PAM analysis shows that non-value-added activities remain relatively high, leading to production time inefficiencies. Based on the FMEA results, the main causes of waste are machine conditions, work methods, and operator skills. Proposed improvements include periodic machine maintenance, production quality control, work method improvement, and the optimization of material flow.
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Analisis Efektivitas Pengendalian Temperatur Ruang Produksi menggunakan Pendekatan Kaizen dengan Siklus PDCA
The physical work environment in the Aerosol Production Department of PT XYZ experienced problems related to excessive room temperatures reaching 37.3°C and chemical odor pollution caused by vapor recirculation from the coating oven process. These conditions potentially reduced operator comfort and concentration. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the Kaizen approach through the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle in controlling production room temperature and improving air quality. A quantitative descriptive method with an Action Research approach was employed. Problem identification and root cause analysis were conducted using the 7 QC Tools, particularly the Pareto Diagram and Fishbone Diagram. Improvement actions included the installation of turbine ventilators, aluminum foil roof insulation, and a 3-meter vertical exhaust ducting system. The results showed that the average room temperature decreased from 34.6°C to 27.4°C, representing a reduction of 7.2°C, while the peak daytime temperature decreased by 8.7°C and met the established threshold limit value. In addition, chemical odor pollution was completely eliminated. Therefore, the Kaizen-PDCA approach proved effective in improving the physical work environment sustainably.
Analisis Kinerja Produksi Untuk Peningkatan Output Menggunakan Theory Of Constraints Di Pt Xyz
Abstract. PT XYZ, a wooden furniture manufacturing company, served as the research site for this study which applied the Theory of Constraints (TOC) method to analyze production performance and identify bottlenecks. The company faces capacity imbalances between workstations, resulting in production targets that have not been achieved optimally. Data collection involved direct observation and interviews with related parties in the production area. The analysis was conducted by comparing the required capacity with the available capacity at each production workstation. The findings reveal that solid processing, machining, sanding, assembling, painting, and packing have sufficient available capacities to meet production requirements, thus categorized as non-bottleneck processes. In contrast, the panel processing station is identified as the main bottleneck due to its highest workload among all processes. By implementing the Theory of Constraints, the company can identify major constraints and establish improvement priorities to enhance production flow smoothness. It is expected that improvements in bottleneck processes will increase production efficiency, balance capacity among workstations, and support more optimal achievement of production targets. Keywords: bottleneck; capacity; manufacturing; production performance; theory of constraints Abstrak. PT XYZ sebuah perusahaan manufaktur furnitur kayu, menjadi lokasi penelitian ini yang menggunakan metode Theory of Constraints (TOC) untuk menganalisis kinerja produksi dan mengidentifikasi bottleneck. Perusahaan menghadapi ketidakseimbangan kapasitas antar stasiun kerja yang menyebabkan target produksi belum terdengar secara optimal. Pengumpulan data meliputi observasi langsung dan wawancara dengan pihak terkait di area produksi. Analisis dilaksanakan dengan membandingkan kapasitas yang dibutuhkan terhadap kapasitas yang tersedia pada setiap stasiun kerja produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pembahanan solid, machining, sanding, assembling, painting, dan packing memiliki kapasitas yang tersedia yang masih mampu memenuhi kebutuhan produksi, sehingga termasuk kategori non-bottleneck. Sebaliknya, stasiun kerja pembahanan panel diidentifikasi sebagai bottleneck utama karena memiliki tingkat beban kerja tertinggi di antara seluruh proses. Dengan penerapan Theory of Constraints, perusahaan dapat mengidentifikasi kendala utama dan menentukan prioritas perbaikan untuk meningkatkan kelancaran aliran produksi. Diharapkan perbaikan pada proses bottleneck dapat meningkatkan efisiensi produksi, menyeimbangkan kapasitas antar stasiun kerja, serta mendukung pencapaian target output perusahaan secara lebih optimal. Kata kunci: bottleneck; kapasitas; kinerja produksi; manufaktur; theory of constraints
Analisis Efektivitas Penggunaan Mesin Produksi Menggunakan Metode Oee Pada Proses Produksi Tiang Penerangan Jalan Umum
Abstract. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness and reliability of production machines in the process of making public street lighting poles (PJU) at PT. XYZ The main problem faced by the company is high machine downtime so that production targets are not achieved. Therefore, a method is needed that is able to measure machine effectiveness as a whole and identify the main causes of production losses. The method applied includes Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) to measure machine effectiveness based on three components, namely availability, performance and quality. The Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) approach is used to identify factors causing low effectiveness through Six Big Losses analysis. Apart from that, Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) and Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) are calculated to determine the level of machine reliability. The data used includes machine working hours, downtime, operating time, production quantities, defective products, as well as machine damage and repair data. The analysis results are expected to show the level of machine effectiveness and identify the dominant factors causing downtime. Based on these results, improvement proposals are prepared to reduce downtime, increase machine reliability and improve production productivity Keywords: Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), Six Big Losses, Downtime, Efektivitas Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas dan keandalan mesin produksi pada proses pembuatan tiang penerangan jalan umum (PJU) di PT. XYZ Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi perusahaan adalah downtime mesin yang tinggi sehingga target produksi tidak tercapai. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan metode yang mampu mengukur efektivitas mesin secara menyeluruh dan mengidentifikasi penyebab utama kerugian produksi. Metode yang diterapkan meliputi Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) untuk mengukur efektivitas mesin berdasarkan tiga komponen, yaitu availability, performance, dan quality. Pendekatan Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab rendahnya efektivitas melalui analisis Six Big Losses. Selain itu, dilakukan perhitungan Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) dan Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) untuk mengetahui tingkat keandalan mesin. Data yang digunakan mencakup jam kerja mesin, downtime, waktu operasi, jumlah produksi, produk cacat, serta data kerusakan dan perbaikan mesin. Hasil analisis diharapkan dapat menunjukkan tingkat efektivitas mesin dan mengidentifikasi faktor dominan penyebab downtime. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, disusun usulan perbaikan untuk mengurangi downtime, meningkatkan keandalan mesin, dan memperbaiki produktivitas produksi Kata kunci: Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), Six Big Losses, Downtime Mesin, Efektivitas Mesin
Analisis Pengendalian Cacat Produk pada Proses Assembly Sepatu Kulit Menggunakan Metode DMAIC, FMEA, dan Cost of Quality
Ketidaksesuaian kualitas pada proses assembly sepatu kulit kerap memicu siklus rework berulang yang menguras sumber daya waktu maupun biaya produksi secara signifikan. Penelitian ini mengkaji mekanisme pengendalian cacat yang diterapkan pada Product D-01 di Lini C PT XYZ, dengan menggunakan DMAIC sebagai kerangka perbaikan utama serta Pareto, P-Chart, Fishbone Diagram, 5 Whys, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), dan Cost of Quality (COQ) sebagai alat pendukung. Data primer bersumber dari catatan produksi internal perusahaan, pengamatan lapangan, dan wawancara terstruktur bersama pengawas produksi dan staf quality control. Pengukuran baseline menunjukkan bahwa Lini C menyumbang volume cacat paling tinggi di antara seluruh lini yang ada, dengan Product D-01 mencatat 10.487 pair cacat dari total output 80.387 pair, sehingga menghasilkan defect rate sebesar 13,05%. Distribusi Pareto mengidentifikasi wrinkle, incorrect colour, dan not straight sebagai tiga kategori cacat paling kritis. Penilaian FMEA menetapkan Risk Priority Number tertinggi sebesar 245 pada perilaku operator yang terburu-buru selama proses lasting dan brushing. Tindakan korektif mencakup pemasangan SOP visual, implementasi checklist QC pra-shift, verifikasi kondisi mesin secara rutin, dan penyediaan sampel referensi warna serta bentuk yang terstandar. Pemantauan selama dua periode berikutnya mengkonfirmasi penurunan defect rate secara bertahap menjadi 12,80% dan kemudian 11,65%, disertai penurunan estimasi biaya kegagalan internal dari Rp 2,36 juta menjadi Rp 1,86 juta per periode.
Pengaruh Jenis Laminasi terhadap Kuat Tarik dan Perubahan Warna pada Pressure sensitive label PE White
Pressure sensitive labels (PSLs) made of polyethylene (PE) white are widely used in the packaging industry due to their flexibility, moisture resistance, and ease of application on various substrates. This study aimed to examine the effect of glossy and matte lamination on the tensile strength and color difference (ΔE) of PE white PSLs. An experimental method was employed, with tensile testing conducted using a universal testing machine (UTM) in accordance with ASTM standards and color measurement performed using a spectrodensitometer based on the CIE Lab system. The samples were divided into three treatment groups, namely no lamination, glossy lamination, and matte lamination, with ink coverage controlled at two design conditions, full ink and minim ink. The results indicated that lamination type significantly affected both the mechanical and visual characteristics of the labels. In the tensile strength test, the highest mean value was obtained by one treatment group, indicating superior resistance to tensile loading. In terms of color stability, higher ΔE values indicated greater color change and lower lightfastness, whereas lower ΔE values reflected better color retention. Overall, the findings show that the combination of lamination type and ink coverage influences the performance of PE white PSLs in both mechanical strength and color stability.
Analisis Perbandingan Tingkat Kebisingan Kabin Pada Mitsubishi Destinator Varian Sunroof dan Non-Sunroof Menggunakan Sound Level Meter
This study aims to analyze and compare the cabin noise levels of the Mitsubishi Destinator Ultimate variant (sunroof) and Exceed variant (non-sunroof) under various driving speed conditions. Measurements were conducted using a Sound Level Meter inside the cabin at idle, 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, and 100 km/h. Results indicate that the Ultimate (sunroof) variant consistently produces higher noise levels than the Exceed (non-sunroof) variant across all speed variations. The largest noise difference was recorded at 100 km/h at 6.50 dB, while the smallest occurred at idle at 0.05 dB. Noise levels in both variants increased significantly with increasing speed, with the sunroof variant reaching 70.00 dB and the non-sunroof variant reaching 63.50 dB at 100 km/h. This difference is attributed to gaps and seals in the sunroof panel, which allow greater noise penetration from the external environment.
Enhancing Halal Supply Chain Resilience through Digital Traceability: A Multi-Stakeholder Perspective
The increasing complexity of global halal supply chains has created significant challenges in maintaining integrity, transparency, and resilience across interconnected stakeholders. Disruptions caused by technological limitations, information asymmetry, regulatory differences, and trust issues can threaten halal compliance and consumer confidence. This study aims to examine how digital traceability mechanisms contribute to enhancing halal supply chain resilience from a multi-stakeholder perspective. Using a qualitative conceptual approach based on an integrative literature review, this study synthesizes insights from halal supply chain management, digital transformation, organizational resilience, and industrial psychology. The findings indicate that digital traceability improves supply chain resilience through three key mechanisms: strengthening information transparency, increasing stakeholder trust, and facilitating collaborative decision-making. However, technological adoption alone is insufficient; successful implementation requires psychological readiness, organizational commitment, digital competency, and trust-based relationships among stakeholders. From an industrial psychology perspective, employee acceptance, perceived usefulness, organizational support, and cross-functional collaboration represent critical determinants influencing digital traceability effectiveness. This study contributes to the halal supply chain literature by integrating technological and behavioral perspectives, emphasizing that resilient halal ecosystems require alignment between digital infrastructure and human-centered organizational practices. The findings provide practical implications for halal industry managers, policymakers, and certification authorities in designing sustainable and adaptive halal supply chain systems.
Analisis Efektifitas Mesin Stretch Blow Moulding Dengan Penerapan Tpm Menggunakan Metode Oee Dan Fmea Untuk Meminimasi Six Big Losses
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas mesin stretch blow moulding pada proses produksi botol plastik, serta mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya kerugian produksi guna meningkatkan performa mesin. Permasalahan yang dihadapi perusahaan berkaitan dengan belum optimalnya pencapaian target produksi akibat tingginya waktu henti mesin (downtime), menurunnya performa operasional mesin, dan munculnya produk cacat selama proses produksi. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) dengan menggunakan metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) untuk mengukur tingkat efektivitas mesin melalui tiga indikator utama, meliputi availability, performance, dan quality. Selain itu, analisis Six Big Losses digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber kerugian terbesar yang terjadi pada proses produksi. Selanjutnya, metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) dimanfaatkan untuk menganalisis potensi kegagalan, menentukan tingkat prioritas risiko berdasarkan nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN), serta menyusun usulan perbaikan yang sesuai. Hasil penelitian diharapkan mampu memberikan gambaran kondisi aktual efektivitas mesin, mengetahui faktor dominan penyebab kerugian produksi, serta menghasilkan rekomendasi perbaikan yang lebih efektif dan terarah. Penerapan metode OEE, Six Big Losses, dan FMEA dalam kerangka TPM diharapkan dapat mengurangi kerugian produksi, meningkatkan efektivitas kinerja mesin, serta mendukung peningkatan produktivitas dan kualitas hasil produksi secara berkesinambungan.
Analisis Efisiensi Waktu pada Proyek Konstruksi Baja Menggunakan Metode CPM (Critical Path Method)
Proyek konstruksi baja memiliki tingkat kompleksitas yang tinggi, terutama dalam pengendalian waktu akibat fluktuasi harga material, proses fabrikasi, serta koordinasi pelaksanaan di lapangan, yang berpotensi menyebabkan keterlambatan proyek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi waktu pada proyek pembangunan gudang baja menggunakan metode Critical Path Method (CPM) serta melakukan percepatan durasi dengan metode Fast Track. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi studi lapangan dan studi literatur, dengan pengolahan data menggunakan Microsoft Project melalui perhitungan parameter waktu (ES, EF, LS, LF, dan float) untuk menentukan jalur kritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa durasi rencana proyek adalah 83 hari, namun realisasi di lapangan mencapai 104 hari, sehingga terjadi keterlambatan sebesar 21 hari akibat kendala pada pekerjaan jalur kritis. Setelah dilakukan percepatan menggunakan metode Fast Track dengan penerapan pekerjaan secara paralel, durasi proyek dapat dipersingkat menjadi 65 hari. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode CPM dan Fast Track efektif dalam meningkatkan efisiensi waktu pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi baja.
Optimasi Rute Distribusi Dan Penentuan Jumlah Tenaga Kerja Kurir Di Umkm Kerupuk Mawar
This study aims to optimize the distribution routes and determine the ideal number of courier workforces at UMKM Kerupuk Mawar, an MSME facing inefficiencies in product delivery. The existing delivery system operates without structural planning, leading to long travel distances, high fuel consumption, and uneven driver workloads. To address these challenges, this research integrates the Saving Matrix method to optimize vehicle routing and the Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) method to evaluate and determine the optimal courier capacity based on actual workloads. Data were collected through direct observation, measuring delivery times, activities, and geographical coordinates of 25 customer locations. The results from the Saving Matrix analysis successfully reshaped the distribution network into optimal circular routes (ritase), reducing the total travel distance by 29.58% and decreasing monthly fuel costs by IDR 1,181,700. Concurrently, the FTE analysis revealed that the existing couriers experienced underload conditions due to unorganized scheduling. By restructuring the workforce based on FTE index projections, the company can operate efficiently with 5 optimized couriers, balancing workload distribution and minimizing idle time. In conclusion, combining routing optimization and workload-based workforce planning provides significant cost efficiency and operational balance for small and medium enterprises.
Defect Analysis of R8 Cover Products Using the Six Sigma Method at PT Amtek Engineering
Quality consistency is a critical requirement in automotive component manufacturing, particularly in precision stamping processes where visual conformity, product identification, and physical integrity directly influence customer acceptance. This study investigates quality defects in R8 Cover production at PT Amtek Engineering using the Six Sigma DMAIC (Define–Measure–Analyze–Improve–Control) framework. A descriptive quantitative and observational approach was employed using production and reject records collected from 5–17 May 2024. The Define phase utilized SIPOC and Critical-to-Quality (CTQ) mapping to identify key quality characteristics. Process capability was evaluated through Defect per Unit (DPU), Defect per Opportunity (DPO), Defect per Million Opportunities (DPMO), process yield, and sigma level measurements. Pareto analysis and fishbone diagrams were applied to determine dominant defect categories and their potential root causes. The results indicate that 82,843 units were produced with 4,533 rejected units, resulting in a DPU of 0.0547, a DPO of 0.0109, a DPMO of approximately 10,900, a process yield of 98.91%, and a sigma level of 3.8. Missing and damaged identification was identified as the most significant defect, contributing 33% of total defects, followed by missing lettering at 23%. Root-cause analysis revealed that defect occurrence was associated with operator practices, machine and tooling conditions, inspection procedures, material conformity, and workplace environment. The study proposes improvement actions focused on setup verification, preventive maintenance, tooling management, inspection standardization, operator competency development, and incoming material control. These findings provide an empirical basis for enhancing process capability and strengthening quality assurance in precision stamping operations.
Eksplorasi Faktor Infrastruktur, Beban Kurir, dan Kemacetan di Jalan terhadap Pengiriman Paket di Kota Purwakarta
This study aims to identify the underlying factors associated with package delivery in Purwakarta City, particularly those related to infrastructure, courier workload, and road traffic congestion. Package delivery is an important aspect in supporting distribution activities and logistics services; therefore, the smoothness of the delivery process is a crucial factor in determining customer satisfaction. However, in practice, various obstacles still frequently occur and have the potential to hinder timeliness and the quality of delivery services. This study uses an exploratory approach with factor analysis methods to identify the dominant variables affecting the package delivery process. Data were collected through observations, questionnaires, and/or interviews with parties involved in package delivery activities in Purwakarta City. The results of this study are expected to provide an overview of the most influential factors affecting the effectiveness of package delivery, as well as serve as a basis for delivery service companies in developing service improvement strategies. Thus, this study is expected to make a practical contribution to improving the efficiency of package distribution in the Purwakarta City area.
Implementasi Early Warning System (EWS) Banjir Berbasis IoT untuk Monitoring Kondisi Lingkungan dalam Mendukung Mitigasi Bencana
Flooding is one of the most frequent natural disasters occurring in the Kesambi River area, causing both material and non-material losses. The delay in obtaining information related to rising water levels is a major factor contributing to low community preparedness. This study aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Flood Early Warning System (EWS) capable of real-time monitoring in flood-prone areas of the Kesambi River. The method used includes hardware design utilizing an ultrasonic-based water level sensor, microcontroller, and communication module for data transmission, as well as software design in the form of a mobile-based monitoring application. The system operates by detecting changes in water level and transmitting data to an IoT platform for real-time visualization and early warning notifications to users. The testing results indicate that the system can measure water levels with good accuracy and transmit data reliably. Furthermore, the system is capable of providing rapid early warnings when the water level reaches a predefined threshold. Therefore, the developed system can improve community preparedness in facing potential floods and reduce the resulting impacts.
Optimalisasi Penjadwalan Produksi Menggunakan Metode CPM (Critical Path Method) dan Resource Leveling di PT XYZ
The imbalance in operator allocation and the potential for production delays in the PM11 Emboss Machine manufacturing process at PT XYZ indicate the need for a systematic and efficient scheduling approach. Ineffective scheduling may result in workload fluctuations, uneven resource utilization, and reduced operational performance. This study aims to identify the critical production path using the Critical Path Method (CPM) and balance operator allocation through Resource Leveling. The research used production planning data consisting of 126 operations grouped into six activities. CPM analysis was conducted using POM-QM for Windows to determine the critical path and project duration, while Resource Leveling was performed using Microsoft Project to optimize operator allocation. The results showed that the optimal project duration was 139.66 hours, with the critical path consisting of Frame 1+2+Support Frame and Assy MS Emboss activities. After implementing Resource Leveling, the maximum operator requirement decreased from 17 to 10 operators, the Coefficient of Variation (CV) decreased from 58.35% to 39.10%, and the Standard Deviation decreased from 4.96 to 2.67 without extending project duration. These findings demonstrate that the integration of CPM and Resource Leveling improves scheduling efficiency and supports balanced workload distribution in the PM11 Emboss Machine production process at PT XYZ.
Analisis Postur dan Perbaikan Metode Kerja dengan Metode Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) pada Industri Minyak Goreng
The manual loading of finished goods in the cooking oil industry has the potential to cause unergonomic work postures and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study aims to analyze the work posture of loading workers at CV. OASE using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method, identify body complaints through the Nordic Body Map (NBM), and provide suggestions for ergonomic work improvements. Data were collected through observation, interviews, posture documentation, NBM questionnaires for 12 workers, and posture angle measurements using the Angle Meter 360 application for 4 workers. The results showed that all workers obtained a final RULA score of 7, including high risk and requiring immediate improvement. The NBM results showed dominant complaints in the waist with a score of 44 and the lower neck with a score of 42, including very high risk. The contributing factors were a bent posture of more than 60°, a carton load of more than 10 kg, and repeated lifting. Suggested improvements include the use of an adjustable conveyor belt so that the carton position is parallel to the worker's waist. The RULA simulation showed a score decrease from 7 to 6, so the risk changed from high to medium. These improvements are expected to reduce MSD complaints and increase the comfort and productivity of loading workers.
Analisis Beban Kerja Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kelelahan Dan Pencapaian Target Produksi
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis beban kerja yang diterima pekerja di PT XYZ serta pengaruhnya terhadap tingkat kelelahan dan pencapaian target produksi perusahaan. Beban kerja yang tinggi pada operator produksi menyebabkan munculnya kelelahan fisik maupun mental yang berdampak pada penurunan produktivitas dan belum tercapainya target produksi yang telah ditetapkan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat beban kerja operator, mengukur tingkat kelelahan kerja, menganalisis pengaruh kelelahan terhadap pencapaian target produksi, serta menentukan kebutuhan tenaga kerja yang optimal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi pengukuran waktu kerja menggunakan stopwatch untuk memperoleh waktu standar dan output standar pada setiap stasiun kerja. Pengukuran kelelahan fisik dilakukan menggunakan metode Cardiovascular Load (%CVL) berdasarkan data denyut nadi istirahat dan denyut nadi kerja operator. Sementara itu, pengukuran beban kerja mental dilakukan menggunakan metode NASA-TLX (National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index) yang terdiri dari enam dimensi, yaitu kebutuhan mental, kebutuhan fisik, kebutuhan waktu, performansi, usaha, dan tingkat frustrasi. Selain itu, penentuan jumlah tenaga kerja optimal dilakukan menggunakan metode Workload Analysis (WLA).
Analisis Dan Sistem Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Dalam Meningkatkan Efisiensi Biaya
This study aims to analyze and propose improvements to the raw material inventory control system in a public street lighting pole manufacturing company. The problem faced by the company is that the inventory control system is still managed in a simple and non-integrated manner, resulting in delays in raw material procurement, discrepancies in inventory quantities, and increased operational costs that disrupt the smooth production process. This research uses the Material Requirement Planning (MRP) method as the main approach in planning raw material requirements. The research stages include collecting data on product demand, production data, raw material usage, inventory levels, ordering costs, holding costs, and procurement lead times. Demand data are analyzed using forecasting methods to estimate future production requirements, followed by material requirement calculations based on the Bill of Materials (BOM) and production planning. Furthermore, MRP analysis is conducted along with the implementation of lot sizing methods such as Lot for Lot (LFL), Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), and Period Order Quantity (POQ) to determine the optimal order quantity. The results of this study are expected to produce a more planned, effective, and efficient raw material inventory control system, enabling the company to minimize the risk of shortages and excess inventory, reduce inventory costs, improve the smoothness of the production process, and enhance the company’s ability to fulfill customer demand on time. Keywords: Cost Efficiency; Inventory Control; Material Requirement Planning (MRP); Production Planning; Raw Materials. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis serta memberikan usulan perbaikan terhadap sistem pengendalian persediaan bahan baku pada perusahaan manufaktur tiang Penerangan Jalan Umum. Permasalahan yang dihadapi perusahaan adalah sistem pengendalian persediaan yang masih dilakukan secara sederhana dan belum terintegrasi, sehingga sering terjadi keterlambatan pengadaan bahan baku, ketidaksesuaian jumlah persediaan, serta meningkatnya biaya operasional yang berdampak pada terganggunya kelancaran proses produksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Material Requirement Planning (MRP) sebagai pendekatan utama dalam perencanaan kebutuhan bahan baku. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengumpulan data permintaan produk, data produksi, penggunaan bahan baku, persediaan, biaya pemesanan, biaya penyimpanan, serta lead time pengadaan. Data permintaan dianalisis menggunakan metode peramalan untuk menentukan estimasi kebutuhan produksi di masa mendatang, kemudian dilakukan perhitungan kebutuhan material berdasarkan Bill of Materials (BOM) dan perencanaan produksi. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis MRP serta penerapan metode lot sizing Lot for Lot (LFL), Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), dan Period Order Quantity (POQ) untuk menentukan jumlah pemesanan yang optimal. Hasil penelitian diharapkan mampu menghasilkan sistem pengendalian persediaan bahan baku yang lebih terencana, efektif, dan efisien, sehingga perusahaan dapat meminimalkan risiko kekurangan maupun kelebihan persediaan, menekan biaya persediaan, serta meningkatkan kelancaran proses produksi dan kemampuan perusahaan dalam memenuhi permintaan pelanggan secara tepat waktu. Kata kunci: Bahan Baku; Efisiensi Biaya; Material Requirement Planning (MRP); Pengendalian Persediaan; Perencanaan Produksi.
Studi Pengaruh Variasi Tinggi Balok I-Joist Dari Kombinasi Blockboard Lokal Dan Kayu Mahoni Terhadap Kekuatan Lentur
Pemanfaatan blockboard untuk plat lantai di Indonesia masih terbatas, padahal Magelang memiliki potensi produksi yang baik. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pemanfaatan blockboard sebagai web dan kayu mahoni sebagai flens pada balok penyangga plat lantai kayu berbentuk I-Joist dan untuk mengetahui nilai Modulus of Rupture (MoR) dan Modulus of Elasticity (MoE) pada balok I-Joist .Metodologi menggunakan pengujian eksperimental berdasarkan ASTM D198-2015 dengan panjang balok I-Joist 200 cm, variasi tinggi 22, 24, 26, 28, dan 30 cm, dan setiap variasi terdiri dari dua benda uji. Fabrikasi dilakukan di SMK N 1 Magelang dan pengujian di Laboratorium Teknik Sipil Universitas Tidar.Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan tinggi tidak selalu berbanding lurus dengan kekuatan lentur. Nilai MoR: 22 cm (5,9333 MPa), 24 cm (7,2786 MPa), 26 cm (6,3287 MPa), 28 cm (6,0426 MPa), 30 cm (6,2524 MPa). Nilai MoE: 22 cm (1.545 MPa), 24 cm (1.098 MPa), 26 cm (1.140 MPa), 28 cm (1.335 MPa), 30 cm (940 MPa). Balok tinggi 24 cm menunjukkan MoR tertinggi (6,70 MPa).Secara keseluruhan, variasi tinggi 24 cm memberikan performa terbaik dengan kekuatan lentur optimal. Kombinasi blockboard-mahoni menunjukkan potensi sebagai alternatif material konstruksi ekonomis.
Analisis K3 pada Sistem Kerja Menggunakan Metode Chi Square
Usaha mikro ritel, khususnya Toko Madura, memainkan peran penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Namun, aktivitas kerja yang didominasi oleh durasi kerja yang panjang, beban kerja fisik, dan postur kerja yang tidak ergonomis berpotensi menyebabkan keluhan kesehatan pada pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara durasi kerja, beban kerja fisik, dan postur tubuh dengan keluhan kesehatan serta mendeskripsikan implementasi Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) berbasis ergonomi di usaha mikro ritel. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan kuesioner dari 60 responden yang bekerja di usaha mikro ritel di Surabaya, Mojokerto, dan Gresik. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-Square untuk menguji hubungan antar variabel kategorikal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan keluhan kesehatan, yaitu durasi kerja (p = 0,020), beban kerja fisik (p < 0,001), dan postur tubuh (p < 0,001), sehingga hipotesis alternatif diterima. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama durasi kerja, semakin tinggi beban kerja fisik, dan semakin tidak ergonomis postur kerja, semakin besar risiko keluhan kesehatan pada pekerja. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya menerapkan manajemen K3 berbasis ergonomi melalui pengaturan jam kerja, penyediaan waktu istirahat yang memadai, pengendalian beban kerja, perbaikan postur kerja, penyusunan SOP, dan pelaksanaan pelatihan K3 secara berkala untuk meningkatkan kesehatan, keselamatan, dan produktivitas pekerja usaha mikro ritel.
Analisis Waste pada Produksi Arm Sepeda Motor Menggunakan Metode 5S dan Value Stream Mapping di PT XYZ
The development of the manufacturing industry at the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) scale in Indonesia demands increased efficiency in the production process to be competitive, but various wastes are still found, especially in non-value-added activities. This study aims to identify, analyze, and minimize waste in the production process of motorcycle Arm spare parts at PT. XYZ. The method used is a Lean Manufacturing approach through the application of Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and 5S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke). Data collection was carried out through direct observation, interviews, and questionnaires to identify the dominant types of waste using VALSAT (Value Stream Analysis Tools) weighting. The results showed that the main waste that occurred was movement and transportation caused by manual cleaning processes, suboptimal layouts, and inefficient material flow. Current State Mapping analysis showed a total waiting time of 4322 seconds, with activities that still contain waste. After the proposed improvements through Future State Mapping and the implementation of 5S, there was an increase in efficiency with a waiting time of 4260 seconds and an improvement in the condition of the work area to be neater, more organized, and safer. The conclusion of this study shows that the integration of VSM and 5S methods is effective in reducing waste, improving process flow, and increasing productivity and work efficiency in the metal SME industry.
Analisis Perbaikan Kualitas Produk Besi Beton Ulir dengan Pendekatan DMAIC dan Poka Yoke di PT X
This study aims to analyse the defect rate of threaded reinforcing bars, identify the dominant defects, determine Six Sigma capability, and design conceptual improvements based on Poka Yoke. The method used is Six Sigma with the DMAIC approach, combined with the Poka Yoke concept, supported by observational data, interviews, and historical data collected over a 15-day period. The results of the study indicate that the production process is not yet stable, with an average value of 3.96 Sigma and a Defects Per Million Opportunities (DPMO) of 6,831.37. A Pareto analysis identified dents (74.25 per cent) and tears (15.60 per cent) as the dominant defects. The FMEA evaluation found that the root cause with the highest priority was the absence of machine initial setup records (RPN 392) and parameter sheets (RPN 343). As a solution, it is proposed to implement Visual and Administrative Poka-Yoke measures via a One-Point Lesson (OPL) board to prevent ‘blind setup’, as well as to make the completion of check sheets mandatory. This proposal is projected to reduce the RPN for tear defects to 128 and for dent defects to 112, which will subsequently be formalised in Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs).
Perancangan dan Implementasi Penerangan Jalan Umum Tenaga Surya Berbasis Arus DC untuk Penerangan Kampus Universitas Soerjo Ngawi
The design and implementation of a Direct Current (DC)-based Solar-Powered Street Lighting System (PJUTS) represents an alternative solution to improve energy efficiency while promoting the utilization of renewable energy on university campuses. This study aims to design and implement a DC-based solar-powered street lighting system for the campus environment of Soerjo University, Ngawi. The research methodology included field observation, system design, component selection, installation, and performance testing of the proposed system. The implemented system consists of a 20 Wp solar panel, a 12 V 7.5 Ah VRLA battery, a 10 A solar charge controller, and a 20 W DC LED lamp. The solar panel converts solar energy into electrical energy during the daytime, which is stored in the battery and automatically utilized to power the lighting system at night through the controller. The total cost of designing and installing the system was IDR 1,460,000. The results indicate that the system operates effectively and provides adequate illumination for the campus environment according to the planned specifications. System performance is influenced by several technical factors, including installation location, pole height, solar panel tilt angle, cable installation quality, and protection system suitability. Potential problems include short circuits, cable damage, and component performance degradation due to environmental conditions. Therefore, the use of standardized components and regular maintenance is essential to ensure system reliability, efficiency, and service life. This study is expected to contribute to the development of efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly solar-powered street lighting systems, particularly in educational institutions.
Analisis Pengendalian Produk Cacat pada Kain Spunbond dengan Pendekatan Six Sigma di PT. X
Product quality is a key factor in improving the competitiveness of manufacturing companies. PT. X, a spunbond fabric manufacturer, continues to face product defects that affect production quality. This study aims to identify Critical to Quality (CTQ) characteristics, determine the dominant defect types, measure process capability using the Six Sigma method, and propose quality improvement recommendations. The study used all production and defect data as the population, with six months of production data (May–October 2025) selected through purposive sampling based on data availability and completeness. Data were analyzed using the Six Sigma approach, including CTQ analysis, Pareto diagrams, P-Charts, Defects Per Million Opportunities (DPMO), sigma level calculations, and fishbone diagrams. The results indicate that Black Cont (D1), Fil Drop (D7), and Cont Net (D3) are the dominant defects, contributing approximately 92% of total defects. The DPMO values ranged from 12,755,102 to 17,699,115, with sigma levels between 3.87 and 3.99, indicating that the production process performs reasonably well but still requires quality improvement. The novelty of this study lies in the integrated application of Six Sigma to prioritize quality improvement in spunbond fabric production. The findings provide practical recommendations, including improving operator competence, machine maintenance, SOP implementation, raw material quality control, inspection systems, and production environment management to reduce product defects.
Analisis Pemilihan Strategi Alternatif Pengurangan Bullwhip Effect dengan Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy AHP pada Produk Perishable
Holland Bakery is a company engaged in the bakery industry that sells bread directly to end consumers. The concept of the bullwhip effect is inherent in the supply chain, there is an effect that spreads in the supply chain called the bullwhip effect, Problems that occur in the supply chain of Holland Bakery products that are Perishable quickly damaged so that it causes demand in product inventory causing the bullwhip effect. The purpose of this study is to Identify indicators of the occurrence of the bullwhip effect in the Holland Bakery supply chain using a fishbone diagram and Determine alternative solutions to reduce the bullwhip effect based on the assessment weight of the Fuzzy AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method criteria. The results of this study The results of the identification of the causes of the bullwhip effect in the Holland Bakery supply chain using the fishbone diagram approach there are 6 causes of the bullwhip effect based on the analysis of Demand forecasting, Order batching, Price fluctuations seen from 4 aspects: Humans (man), Methods (method), Materials (material), Machines (machine). The alternative solution selected based on the Fuzzy AHP weighting assessment yielded a weighting score of 0.7696. Alternative B was the first priority to be selected as an alternative solution to reduce the bullwhip effect in the Holland Bakery supply chain.