JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DAN SOSIAL
JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DAN SOSIAL (JIKAS), merupakan jurnal yang meliputi bidang keperawatan dengan cakupan Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Keperawatan Maternitas, Keperawatan Anak, Keperawatan Komunitas, Keperawatan Gerontik, Keperawatan Jiwa, Keperawatan Manajemen dan Paliative Care. Jurnal Kesehatan Jurnal ini terbit 1 tahun 4 kali (Februari, Mei, Agustus dan November). Jurnal ini terakreditasi SINTA 5 (SK Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 156/C/C3/KPT/2026 tanggal 7 April 2026, tentang Pemberitahuan Hasil Akreditasi Jurnal Ilmiah Periode 2 Tahun 2025), dimulai dari Volume 1 Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 sampai Volume 6 Nomor 1 Tahun 2028.
Hubungan Antara Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga Dengan Kejadian Stunting Di Desa Ngadirojo Kidul Kecamatan Ngadirojo Kabupaten Wonogiri
Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang masih menjadi prioritas di Indonesia dan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk faktor lingkungan. Pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga yang tidak aman berpotensi meningkatkan risiko penyakit infeksi yang dapat mengganggu pertumbuhan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Desa Ngadirojo Kidul, Kecamatan Ngadirojo, Kabupaten Wonogiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan case control. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 72 balita yang terdiri dari 36 kasus (stunting) dan 36 kontrol (tidak stunting) dengan perbandingan 1:1. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran status gizi berdasarkan indikator tinggi badan menurut umur serta wawancara menggunakan kuesioner untuk menilai praktik pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga. Analisis data dilakukan secara bivariat untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel paparan dan kejadian stunting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar keluarga belum menerapkan pengelolaan sampah yang aman, dan terdapat hubungan antara pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga dengan kejadian stunting pada balita. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa praktik pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga merupakan salah satu faktor lingkungan yang berpotensi berkontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan intervensi berbasis lingkungan untuk mendukung upaya percepatan penurunan stunting di tingkat desa.
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Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengelolaan Sampah di Pasar Telukan Kecamatan Grogol Kabupaten Sukoharjo
Permasalahan sampah memerlukan penangan yang serius, karena jika sampah tidak dikelola dengan baik maka akan menyebabkan masalah estetika, pencemaran bahkan kesehatan penghuni lingkungan tersebut. Pengelolaan sampah di Pasar Telukan yang tak bisa lepas dari sampah hasil kegiatan perdagangan memerlukan penyelesaikan terutama dari pedagang itu sendiri dalam hal sikap dan perilakunya dalam mengelola sampah. Ketersediaan fasilitas sarana dan prasarana pembuangan sampah juga menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan sampah pasar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan sampah di Pasar Telukan di Kecamatan Grogol Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan kuesioner dalam pengambilan data pada 111 pedagang di Pasar Telukan Sukoharjo. Teknik sampling dengan menggunakan simple random sampling dan metode analisa data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian ini terdapat hubungan pengetahuan terhadap perilaku pedagang dalam pengelolaan sampah, terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan sikap terhadap perilaku pedagang dalam pengelolaan sampah, dan fasilitas sarana prasarana terhadap perilaku pedagang dalam pengelolaan sampah di Pasar Telukan Grogol Sukoharo menunjukkan hubungan yang positif dan signifikan.
Pengaruh Mindfulness Based Breathing Exercise terhadap Tingkat Burnout Syndrom Pada Perawat di Ruang Rawat Inap
Burnout syndrome is a condition characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a diminished sense of self-efficacy that nurses often experience due to high workloads. One approach that can be taken to reduce the level of burnout syndrome is through mindfulness-based breathing exercises. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of mindfulness-based breathing exercises on the level of burnout syndrome among nurses in the inpatient ward at R. W. Mongisidi Teling Hospital, a Type II General Hospital in Manado. This study employed a quasi-experimental design using a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The study population consisted of 87 nurses, with a sample of 20 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted using the Mindfulness-Based Breathing Exercise SOP and a burnout questionnaire. The data were then analyzed using a T-test with a significance level (α) of 0.05. The study results showed that the mean score for the burnout syndrome among nurses in the inpatient ward of R. W. Mongisidi Type II General Hospital before the mindfulness-based breathing exercise intervention was 43.65, and the mean score after the intervention decreased to 40.40. The T-test results yielded a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant effect of mindfulness-based breathing exercises on the burnout syndrome levels among nurses in the inpatient ward of RS TK II. R. W. Mongisidi in Teling, Manado. Mindfulness-based breathing exercises have a significant effect on burnout syndrome levels among nurses because this intervention helps improve self-awareness, control emotions, and reduce work-related stress. Recommendation: This intervention can be routinely implemented in hospitals as an effort to improve nurses’ psychological well-being and the quality of healthcare services.
Hubungan Pengetahuan tentang Makanan Sehat dan Kebiasaan Konsumsi Jajanan dengan Kejadian Diare pada Siswa SDN 81 Manado
Diarrhea is a common health problem among school-aged children. Factors influencing its occurrence include knowledge of healthy food and the habit of consuming snacks within the school environment. The objective of this research was to examine the relationship between knowledge of healthy food and snack consumption habits with diarrhea cases at SDN 81 Manado. This research employed a descriptive-analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 50 respondents were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires addressing both variables. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of ρ ≤ 0.05. The findings revealed that 35 respondents (75.0%) had poor knowledge of healthy food, and 32 respondents (64.0%) experienced diarrhea. Additionally, 42 respondents (84.0%) reported poor snack consumption habits, with 37 respondents (74.0%) experiencing diarrhea (29 males and 21 females). Chi-Square analysis produced a ρ-value of 0.001, which is lower than the alpha level (α = 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between knowledge of healthy food, snack consumption habits, and diarrhea cases. The study concludes that both knowledge of healthy food and snack consumption habits are significantly associated with diarrhea among school-aged children. Parental involvement is essential in educating children about healthy food choices as a preventive measure against diarrhea.
Pengaruh Media Audio Visual terhadap Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil tentang Imunisasi Dasar di Puskesmas Blang Cut Kota Lhokseumawe ⁠
The increasing complexity of competition in the healthcare industry requires hospitals to adopt adaptive and strategic management practices to enhance organizational competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the role of strategic management in improving hospital competitiveness through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. A total of 41 national and international scientific articles published between 2014 and 2025 were reviewed, sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Sinta databases, following the PRISMA guidelines for literature selection. The synthesis of findings indicates that strategic management plays a significant role in strengthening hospital competitiveness through clear strategy formulation, consistent implementation, and continuous performance evaluation. Key factors contributing to competitive advantage include strategic leadership, adaptive organizational culture, effective human resource management, utilization of information technology, and integration between strategic planning and operational processes. The results emphasize that hospitals implementing strategic management comprehensively are better equipped to respond to environmental dynamics, improve service quality, and sustain competitive advantage in the long term. This study highlights the importance of strategic management as a foundational element in modern hospital governance and provides a conceptual basis for future empirical research in healthcare management.
Overview of the Ankle Brachial Index Value of Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan 2025
Type II Diabetes Mellitus is one of the chronic diseases whose prevalence continues to increase and has become a global health issue. A common complication in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus is peripheral circulatory disorders, which can be identified through the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) examination—a non-invasive method used to detect peripheral artery disease. ABI testing is essential for early detection and prevention of serious complications such as diabetic ulcers.This study aims to describe the Ankle Brachial Index values in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2025. This research used a descriptive quantitative method with purposive sampling technique. The study sample consisted of 52 respondents from a total population of 109 patients diagnosed with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Data collection was conducted through observation sheets and measurement of systolic blood pressure in the upper and lower extremities using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. The ABI value was calculated based on the ratio between the highest ankle systolic pressure and the highest brachial systolic pressure. Data were analyzed using tabulation techniques and presented in tables and diagrams. The results showed that the majority of respondents had normal ABI values (>0.90), totaling 33 individuals (63.5%), while 19 individuals (36.5%) experienced abnormal ABI values (≤0.90).Conclusion:The study concludes that most patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan had ABI values within the normal range. However, a considerable proportion with abnormal ABI indicates the necessity of routine ABI screening as a preventive measure against peripheral vascular complications in diabetic patients. This study is expected to serve as a reference in developing nursing interventions aimed at improving the quality of life for patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus.
Overview of Knowledge and Dietary Compliance in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2025
Chronic kidney disease is one of the global health problems that requires long-term therapy, one of which is through hemodialysis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adherence to treatment and diet is a key factor in improving the quality of life for patients with chronic diseases. An appropriate diet plays an important role in controlling electrolyte levels, fluids, and toxic substances in the body. This study aims to describe the knowledge and dietary compliance of patients undergoing hemodialysis at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2025.This research used a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 36 patients selected using purposive sampling techniques. The research instrument was a questionnaire developed based on dietary guidelines for hemodialysis patients according to WHO and the Indonesian Ministry of Health standards. The results showed that among the 36 hemodialysis patients, 15 respondents (41.7%) had a good level of knowledge, 14 respondents (38.9%) had a moderate level, and 7 respondents (19.4%) had a low level of knowledge. Regarding dietary compliance, 13 respondents (36.1%) were compliant, 18 respondents (50.0%) were moderately compliant, and 3 respondents (13.9%) were non-compliant. There was a tendency showing that higher knowledge levels were positively correlated with better dietary compliance, in line with WHO’s principle that health education is an essential intervention in managing chronic diseases. This study recommends strengthening ongoing educational programs by healthcare professionals, particularly in delivering accurate and easy-to-understand information about diet management for hemodialysis patients.
Hubungan Suhu dan Kelembapan dengan Keberadaan Jentik Nyamuk Aedes aegypti pada Kasus DBD di Kecamatan Tembalang Kota Semarang
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a significant public health problem in tropical countries, including Indonesia. The presence of Aedes aegypti larvae is an important indicator of dengue transmission risk and is influenced by environmental factors, particularly temperature and humidity. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between temperature and humidity and the presence of mosquito larvae in Meteseh Village, Tembalang District, Semarang City. This analytical observational study employed a cross-sectional design involving 100 households selected through quota sampling. Data were collected through direct observation and measurement of temperature and humidity using a thermo-hygrometer, then analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed a significant association between temperature and the presence of mosquito larvae (p=0.000), while humidity was not significantly associated with larvae presence (p>0.05). Temperature was identified as a more influential environmental factor in supporting mosquito larvae existence than humidity in the study area. These findings highlight the importance of environmental-based vector control strategies, particularly through management of microhabitat temperature conditions, to support dengue prevention.
Perencanaan Program Kesehatan Berbasis Analisis Situasi dan Problem Solving Cycle
Health program planning is an essential process in improving public health status through a systematic and data-driven approach. This study aimed to analyze health program planning based on situational analysis and the problem solving cycle (PSC), as well as to identify the root causes of problems using the fishbone approach. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method supported by simple quantitative data. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving purposively selected informants. The results of the situational analysis identified several major health problems, including stunting, low posyandu attendance, and limited maternal knowledge regarding nutrition. Priority setting using the USG method determined stunting as the main health issue. Furthermore, root cause analysis using a fishbone diagram revealed that stunting was influenced by various factors related to man, machine, method, material, environment, money, and management. The application of the problem solving cycle facilitated systematic intervention planning, including nutrition education, community empowerment, and child growth monitoring. Program implementation demonstrated improvements in maternal knowledge and posyandu attendance. In conclusion, health program planning based on situational analysis, fishbone analysis, and the problem solving cycle proved effective in producing targeted and sustainable interventions.
Protokol SPIKES Sebagai Model Komunikasi Kesehatan dalam Penyampaian Informasi Klinis Kepada Pasien di Praktek Kedokteran Gigi
Health communication plays a crucial role in dental practice, particularly in conveying sensitive clinical information or bad news. Barriers to communication can increase patient anxiety, decrease adherence to therapy, and impact the quality of healthcare services. The SPIKES protocol presents a six-stage, systematic and empathetic communication model for conveying clinical information. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the SPIKES protocol as a health communication model in dental practice. The study used a systematic literature review method with data sources from the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases for the period 2020–2025. Article selection was carried out using the PRISMA approach based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the SPIKES protocol can improve the clarity of information delivery, strengthen the relationship between healthcare professionals and patients, and reduce patient anxiety. In addition, the empathetic approach in SPIKES contributes to increased patient satisfaction and adherence to treatment plans. In conclusion, the implementation of the SPIKES protocol can support the improvement of the quality of clinical communication in dental practice through the delivery of targeted, humanistic, and patient-centered information.
Evaluasi Pengetahuan Pengobatan Penyakit Diare pada Ibu Pemberdayaan dan Kesejahteraan Keluarga di Desa Karanganyar Kubu Karangasem Bali
Diarrhea is a significant health issue that leads to a lot of illness and death, ranking third in Indonesia. The causes of diarrhea include inadequate environmental cleanliness, contaminated water sources, and insufficient knowledge in the community. When the community lacks knowledge, it can result in unsuccessful treatment outcomes. This ponder pointed to analyze how mother strengthening and family prosperity information influence loose bowels treatment in Karanganyar Kubu Karangasem Town, Bali. This think about executed a Pre Exploratory Plan, especially utilizing a one gather pre-post test arrange. The subjects of this ponder were moms chosen based on foreordained consideration and avoidance rules, centering on strengthening and family wellbeing. Data to assess the advancement of knowledge was gathered using questionnaires during the pretest, posttest I, and posttest II phases. Members included moms who were portion of family welfare activities in Karanganyar Kubu Karangasem town in Bali. Speculation testing was carried out to compare the comes about from the pretest to posttest I p <0.001, pretest to posttest II p <0.001, and posttest I to posttest II p <0.001, illustrating a noteworthy improvement in information after experiencing instruction through the CBIA strategy.
Peningkatan Self-Care Personal Hygiene Terhadap Risiko Infeksi Saluran Kemih pada Lansia
Decline in the ability to perform activities of daily living among older adults can lead to poor personal hygiene practices, thereby increasing the risk of infections, including urinary tract infections. This study aims to analyze the effect of improving self-care in personal hygiene on reducing the risk of urinary tract infections in the elderly.The method used was a case study involving a single respondent (Mr. W), with a four-week intervention consisting of one visit per week, each lasting approximately 45 minutes. The intervention included personal hygiene education, practical demonstrations, direct assistance, and environmental modification.The results showed an improvement in both awareness and personal hygiene practices, as indicated by the ability to brush teeth regularly, perform proper genital care after urination, and maintain consistency in changing clothes and underwear, although some habits still required ongoing assistance.In conclusion, a holistic approach through education, assistance, and environmental support is effective in gradually improving personal hygiene practices among older adults. However, continuous efforts are necessary to achieve long-term behavioral consistency.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula dan Waktu Fermentasi terhadap Aktivitas Aantioksidan Minuman Seduh Kombucha Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.)
The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in Indonesia continues to increase and is associated with the risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases due to oxidative stress. Kombucha has potential as a functional antioxidant beverage; however, its use is still dominated by Camellia sinensis, limiting the utilization of local ingredients. Bilimbi leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) have high antioxidant activity and potential as an alternative substrate. This study aimed to analyze the effect of fermentation time variations (4, 7, and 14 days) and sugar concentrations (10% and 15%) on the acceptability and antioxidant activity of bilimbi leaf kombucha, as well as to determine the best formulation. The study used a true experimental design with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) involving six formulations (F1–F6) and one control (F0). Antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH method. The results showed that fermentation time and sugar concentration significantly affected antioxidant activity.). The highest antioxidant activity was found in F2 (IC50 98.67 ppm, strong category). F2 was determined as the best formulation due to its antioxidant activity. F2 has the potential to be developed as an alternative functional beverage to reduce SSB consumption. Further research is recommended to conduct stability testing and in vivo studies.
Gambaran Penyakit Stomatitis Aftosa Rekuren Pasien Klinik Ilmu Penyakit Mulut Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Universitas Jember
Background: Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is a common disorder characterized by recurrent ulcers limited to the oral mucosa. The etiology of RAS itself is not yet known for certain, but it is suspected that there are several predisposing factors, including hormonal changes, trauma, malnutrition, stress. Purpose: This study aims to determine the description of RAS in patients at the Oral Medicine Department of Dental Hospital University of Jember based on classification, general condition, suspected predisposing factors, and management. Method: This research is a descriptive observational study with a research population of 722 data from the Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Hospital of University of Jember. The number of samples that met the researchers' criteria was 171. Results: RAS patients is more common in women, 64.91% . RAS occurs in 69.60% of patients aged 21-30 years. RAS were mostly found in patients who did not experience symptoms of systemic factors, in 91.22%. The type of RAS that often occurs is the minor type in 78.37%. 68.42% RAS patients had no suspected predisposing factors. Based on RAS management, pharmacological therapy is divided into two parts, topical pharmacological therapy 59.07% and supportive pharmacological therapy 40.93%. Communication, information and education service was done for all 171 RAS patients. Conclusion: Based on the research conducted, that minor RAS is more prevalent in female 21-30 age group, with absence of underlying diseases, and the most frequently therapeutic modality is topical agents.
Pengaruh Edukasi terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Remaja Putri tentang Anemia di Dusun III Kakabai, Desa Nunkurus
Anemia is a condition with hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels lower than normal, which is 12 grams/dl for adolescents. Iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls is at higher risk because it causes a decrease in immunity, making them susceptible to health problems. One of the causes is the lack of knowledge of adolescent girls about healthy lifestyles and self-motivation regarding the importance of balanced nutrition in preventing anemia. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education on the level of knowledge of adolescent girls about anemia. The type of research used was quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design with a pre-test-post-test research design. The sample consisted of 90 adolescent girls. The results showed that before being given education, the majority of respondents were in the sufficient category (45.6%), while after being given education, the majority were in the good category (84.4%). The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference in the level of knowledge of adolescent girls about anemia before and after being given education with a significance value of 0.000, which means there was a significant effect of education on the level of knowledge of adolescent girls about anemia.
Hubungan Tingkat Literasi Kesehatan Terhadap Kepatuhan Minum Obat Dan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Hipertensi Di Polresta Sleman
Hypertension is a chronic disease whose management is substantially determined by an individual's capacity to access and utilize health-related information. Inadequate health literacy may lead to poor medication adherence and diminished quality of life. This study aimed to examine the association between health literacy, medication adherence, and quality of life among hypertensive patients at Polresta Sleman. An observational analytic quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach was employed, involving 80 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using the HLS-ID-SF12, MARS-5, and WHOQOL-BREF instruments. Bivariate analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation, while multivariate analysis applied multiple linear regression. Results revealed that health literacy significantly correlated with medication adherence (r = 0.469; p < 0.05) and quality of life (r = 0.447; p < 0.05). Medication adherence also demonstrated a significant correlation with quality of life (r = 0.615; p < 0.05). Simultaneously, both variables accounted for 41.1% of the variance in quality of life (R² = 0.411; p < 0.05). These findings underscore the importance of jointly improving health literacy and medication adherence as an evidence-based strategy to optimize quality of life in hypertensive patients.
Pengelolaan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya Dan Beracun (B3) Di TPS PT. X Pembangunan RSPTN Universitas X
Proyek konstruksi Rumah Sakit Perguruan Tinggi Negeri (RSPTN) Universitas X menghasilkan berbagai jenis Limbah B3 dari aktivitas pembangunan, operasional lapangan, dan perawatan peralatan. Limbah tersebut memiliki sifat berbahaya sehingga memerlukan pengelolaan sesuai regulasi untuk mencegah pencemaran dan risiko kesehatan. Studi ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis Limbah B3 yang timbul serta menilai kesesuaian pengelolaannya di Tempat Penyimpanan Sementara (TPS) dengan PP No. 22 Tahun 2021, Permen LH No. 14 Tahun 2013, dan Permen LHK No. 20 Tahun 2020. Limbah yang dihasilkan meliputi oli bekas, cat beserta wadahnya, solar bekas, bahan pelapis kedap air, dan thinner. Pengemasan dan pelabelan sudah sesuai ketentuan, namun fasilitas TPS masih perlu ditingkatkan seperti penutupan bangunan, ketahanan lantai, fasilitas keselamatan, dan kerapian penyimpanan. Pemindahan limbah dilakukan melalui pihak berizin seperti DLH. Secara umum, pengelolaan Limbah B3 cukup baik, tetapi masih diperlukan peningkatan sarana TPS agar lebih aman dan sesuai persyaratan.
Gambaran Program Makanan Bergizi Gratis (Mbg) Ditinjau dari Aspek Pelaksanaan dan Kepuasan Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama
The Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) is one of the government’s strategic policies aimed at improving students’ nutritional status and learning quality, particularly at the junior high school level. Early adolescence, aged 13–15 years, is a critical growth period that requires optimal nutritional intake, while national surveys still indicate deficiencies in energy and protein intake among this age group. This study aims to describe the implementation of the MBG Program and the level of student satisfaction as direct beneficiaries. The research employed a quantitative descriptive design conducted over one month in the working area of SPPG Yayasan Bina Bangsa Semarang, Gunungpati, Semarang City. The sample consisted of 101 junior high school students selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through structured questionnaires covering program implementation and student satisfaction aspects. The findings revealed that most students assessed the program implementation as high to very high. Student satisfaction was also categorized as high, particularly regarding food quality, portion adequacy, cleanliness, safety, and service. The MBG Program was considered effective in improving learning concentration, reducing unhealthy snacking habits, and encouraging healthy eating patterns. This study concludes that the MBG Program has been implemented effectively and is relevant in supporting sustainable improvements in students’ nutritional status and educational quality.
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Pengaruh Penggunaan Leaflet sebagai Media Edukasi terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Ibu Hamil tentang Hepatitis B di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Melintang Tahun 2025
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver cells that can be caused by various factors, such as alcohol consumption, autoimmune disorders, drugs, or toxins. Viral infections, such as hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV). WHO estimates that by 2022, about 254 million people worldwide will be chronically infected with hepatitis B, with 1.2 million new infections occurring each year. In the same year, hepatitis B caused the deaths of about 1.1 million people, mostly due to cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis is very dangerous, therefore pregnant women really need to know about Hepatitis B disease and have positive behavior about Hepatitis B so that they can take precautions to prevent transmission to both the mother and the fetus. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using leaflets as educational media on increasing the knowledge and behavior of pregnant women about Hepatitis B in the Melintang Health Center Working Area. This type of research uses the Quasy Experimental Design method with pre-test and post test groups where observations are made twice, namely experiment and after experiment. Observations made before the experiment, namely observation 1 (O1) called the pre-test and after the experiment, namely observation 2 (O2) called the post test. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there was an effect of using leaflets as educational media on increasing knowledge (P = 0.000) and behavior (p = 0.000) of pregnant women about Hepatitis B in the Melintang Health Center Working Area in 2025. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of using leaflets as educational media on increasing the knowledge and behavior of pregnant women about Hepatitis B in the Melintang Health Center Working Area in 2025.
Kualitas Pelayanan Bagi Pasien Tuberkulosis terhadap Kepatuhan Minum Obat di Puskesmas Se-Kabupaten Sijunjung Tahun 2025
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global and national health issue. Sijunjung Regency has seen an increase in TB cases, with fluctuating treatment success rates. Medication adherence is a key factor in treatment success and is influenced by the quality of health care services. This study aims to analyze the quality of services regarding medication adherence among TB patients, explore patients’ perceptions, describe service factors influencing adherence, and understand the role of health workers from the patients’ perspective at Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) throughout Sijunjung District. This study employed a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design. The primary informants consisted of 8 TB patients, plus key informants (2 healthcare workers) and additional informants (2 family members). Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document reviews. Analysis utilized the Miles & Huberman model.Research results on the quality of healthcare services are related to the level of medication adherence in tuberculosis patients. The dimensions that contribute most to adherence are empathy, assurance, and responsiveness. Positive perceptions are seen in aspects of interpersonal relationships (friendliness, patience, effective communication) and logistical reliability (drug availability), while negative perceptions are related to the lack of privacy in waiting rooms, long administrative waiting times, and inflexible service hours for informal workers. Health service factors that influence adherence include continuous education and information, active supervision and monitoring, ease of service access, and support from healthcare workers. The role of healthcare workers in supporting patient adherence, according to the patient's perspective, is as educators and motivators.Based on this study, high-quality care particularly empathy, assurance, and responsiveness is crucial for patient adherence. Improvements to physical facilities and greater flexibility in service hours are needed.
Penerapan Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Di PT. X Pada Proyek RSPTN Universitas X
The implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is a crucial aspect in construction projects to minimize workplace accidents and improve labor productivity. This internship report aims to evaluate the implementation of the OSH system at PT. X on the RSPTN Universitas X Project. The methods used include field observations, interviews with related personnel, and documentation review. The results indicate that OSH implementation has been carried out through the provision of personal protective equipment (PPE), safety induction programs, installation of safety signs, and routine supervision. However, several violations in PPE usage were still observed. Consistent and continuous OSH implementation is necessary to achieve the zero accident target in the project environment.
Efektivitas Mobilisasi Dini terhadap Percepatan Pemulihan Fungsi Fisik pada Ibu Pasca Operasi Sectio Caesarea
Background: Sectio caesarea can delay physical function recovery in postpartum mothers, affecting daily activities. Early mobilization is an intervention that may accelerate recovery. Purpose: To analyze the effectiveness of early mobilization in accelerating physical function recovery in post-sectio caesarea patients at RS Muhammadiyah Selogiri. Method: Quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Thirty-four postpartum mothers were divided into intervention (n=17) and control (n=17) groups. The Barthel Index, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and observation sheets were used. Results: The intervention group showed faster recovery with significant improvements in Barthel Index scores, time to ambulate independently, and pain reduction (p<0.001). Conclusion: Early mobilization effectively accelerates physical function recovery in post-sectio caesarea patients.
Hubungan Sosio Demografi dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Puskesmas Perawatan Tanoh Alas Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara
Stunting is a major indicator of chronic nutritional problems that affect children’s growth and development. In Indonesia, stunting prevalence remains high and is a national public health concern. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between socio-demographic factors and stunting incidence among toddlers in the working area of the Tanoh Alas Health Center, Southeast Aceh Regency, in 2025. This study used an analytical quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 93 mothers with children under five selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheets from June 19 to July 3, 2025. Statistical analyses included Chi-Square and multiple logistic regression tests. The results showed that 33.3% of children were stunted, 34.4% had poor access to health services, and 68.8% lived in unhealthy housing conditions. Bivariate analysis indicated significant relationships between maternal age (p = 0.007), maternal education (p = 0.012), maternal occupation (p = 0.002), access to health services (p = 0.001), family income (p = 0.032), and healthy housing conditions (p = 0.007) with stunting incidence. Multivariate analysis revealed that access to health services was the strongest factor associated with stunting (p = 0.010; OR = 4.294; 95% CI: 1.411–13.06). Children with limited access to health services were 4.3 times more likely to experience stunting. The study recommends improving the accessibility and quality of maternal and child health services and strengthening multisectoral interventions and health education programs to prevent stunting.
Penerapan Terapi Mengisap Es Batu untuk Mengurangi Keluhan Haus pada Pasien Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) dengan Pembatasan Cairan
Chronic kidney disease is a progressive decline in kidney function that leads to fluid and electrolyte imbalance, requiring fluid restriction which often causes thirst and may result in ineffective peripheral perfusion. One non-pharmacological nursing intervention that can be applied is the ice cube sucking technique as part of fluid management. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of education the ice cube sucking technique in improving fluid management and peripheral perfusion in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease. The study used a descriptive case study design with a nursing process approach conducted over three sessions in an elderly patient with chronic kidney disease. The intervention was delivered in three sessions, each lasting approximately 15–20 minutes. The results showed a reduction in thirst complaints, improvement in peripheral perfusion indicated by capillary refill time of less than 2 seconds and warm extremities, as well as increased patient and family ability in managing fluid intake. In conclusion, the ice cube sucking technique are effective nursing interventions in fluid management and improving peripheral perfusion in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Gambaran Intensitas Nyeri pada Pasien Post Operasi Sectio Caesarea dengan Metode Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) di Rumah Sakit Islam Fatimah Cilacap
Postoperative pain following Sectio Caesarea (SC) is a common clinical problem, reported within the first 24 hours in approximately 50-85% of patients. This postoperative pain can affect maternal comfort, early mobilization, and the recovery process. Theoretically, post-SC pain is associated with tissue trauma and nociceptive responses. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is an increasingly implemented method because it is considered capable of accelerating postoperative recovery and reducing pain intensity after surgical procedures. This study aimed to describe the distribution of post-Sectio Caesarea pain intensity based on patient characteristics. This research employed a descriptive quantitative design with an observational approach. Data were collected using a total sampling technique from all post-SC patients managed with the ERAS method at RSI Fatimah over a one-month period, with a total of 50 respondents. The research instrument used was the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed univariately in the form of frequency and percentage distributions. The results showed that the majority of respondents were in early adulthood (26-35 years), accounting for 40 respondents (80.0%), multiparous women totaled 30 respondents (60.0%), maternal indications were found in 33 respondents (66.0%), and 27 respondents (54.0%) had no previous history of SC. Within the first 2 hours after SC, most mothers experienced mild pain (scale 1-3), totaling 31 respondents (62.0%). At 8 hours after analgesic administration, mild pain remained predominant, with 36 respondents (72.0%). In conclusion, most mothers who underwent Sectio Caesarea using the ERAS method experienced mild pain during the early postoperative period.
Hubungan Infeksi Helicobacter Pylori terhadap Kejadian Gastritis Aktif dan Ulkus Duodenum: Study Literature
Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the main factors associated with the occurrence of active gastritis and duodenal ulcers. This bacterium can survive in the acidic environment of the stomach by producing the urease enzyme, allowing it to colonize the gastric mucosa and trigger an inflammatory response. This study aims to analyze the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and the incidence of active gastritis and duodenal ulcers. The method used was a literature review with a narrative approach of scientific articles published between 2021–2025 from the Google Scholar, OpenAlex, and Crossref databases. The results of the review indicate that Helicobacter pylori infection is significantly associated with increased gastric mucosal inflammation and a higher risk of duodenal ulcers. Early detection and eradication therapy using a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are effective in preventing disease progression and complications. Additional findings highlight the importance of hygiene, sanitation, and public awareness in reducing transmission rates and improving gastrointestinal health outcomes globally..
Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Kadar Gula Darah pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Puskesmas Bongo Ii Kabupaten Boalemo
Diabetes mellitus, as a persistent non-infectious metabolic pathology increasingly prominent in the global epidemiological spectrum, is fundamentally characterized by dysfunctional hyperglycemia rooted in primary disruptions of pancreatic insulin hormone synthesis or peripheral resistance to its biological action, thereby inducing dynamic imbalances in gluconeogenesis and glycolysis pathways; amid the hypothesis that body mass index (BMI) as a measure of central adiposity potentially mediates variability in serum glucose levels, this quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional design rigorously tests the causal relationship between BMI and fasting/random blood glucose concentrations in a cohort of 134 adult subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus affiliated with primary care services at Puskesmas Bongo II, Boalemo Regency, through an inclusive total sampling recruitment strategy, precision anthropometric measurement instruments (height, weight, WHO BMI categorization), and laboratory-validated glucometric validation, with multivariate inferential processing based on the Chi-Square independence test at a Type I error rate of α=0.05 using the latest edition of the SPSS analytical suite; the demographic profile highlights female gender supremacy (90 individuals, 67.2%), the normoweight group (78 cases, 58.2%), concurrent with substantial glycemic elevation prevalence (78 subjects, 58.2%), but the crucial statistical output reveals a p-value of 0.831 (>0.05) that negates any probabilistically meaningful association, thus the substantive conclusion affirms the non-significance of the BMI-glucose relationship in this local context, while implying the dominance of alternative etiopathogenic factors such as hypercaloric macronutrient intake patterns, deficits in aerobic/anaerobic physical activity, non-adherence to multidisciplinary pharmacological protocols (e.g., metformin/oral hypoglycemics), and a comprehensive management paradigm integrating behavioral education, continuous monitoring, and personalized interventions to mitigate long-term cardiovascular risks across the diabetes mellitus spectrum.
Penerapan Pre Conference dan Post Conference di Ruangan Al-Ghifari RS Islam Jakarta Sukapura
Pre-Conference and Post-Conference are part of the direction function in nursing management which play an important role in maintaining communication and coordination. However, their implementation in the Al-Ghifari Room at the Islamic Hospital Jakarta Sukapura has not run optimally. This scientific work aims to determine the application of Pre Conference and Post Conference in improving nursing care. The method used is an implementation study with a Plan of Action (POA) approach through education, roleplay and mentoring during January 15-17 2026. Data collection was carried out through observation and interviews. The implementation results show an increase in Pre Conference and Post Conference implementation from 50% on the first day to 83% on the third day. This shows that implementing Pre Conference and Post Conference in a structured manner can improve communication and coordination between nurses. It can be concluded that the implementation of the Pre Conference and Post Conference in the Al Ghifari room at the Islamic Hospital Jakarta Sukapura has increased.
Penerapan Spo Risiko Jatuh dalam Pencegahan Insiden Jatuh pada Pasien Anak di Ruang Alfarisi, Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta Sukapura, Kelapa Gading
Implementing Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for fall risk is a crucial component of pediatric patient safety in inpatient wards. However, nurses' implementation of SOPs is not always optimal, especially for patients at high risk of falling. Inappropriate SOP implementation has the potential to increase fall risk incidents in hospitals. To describe the results of observations of nurses implementing SOPs for fall risk and efforts to improve implementation through resocialization, supervision, and strengthening the oversight system. This case study is an observational study of nurses implementing SOPs for fall risk in the Alfarisi Ward, Jakarta Islamic Hospital, Sukapura. Observations were conducted on nurses providing nursing interventions to two pediatric patients: one with a low risk of falling and one with a high risk of falling. Activities included observation of nurses' practice, resocialization of SOPs for fall risk, three- day implementation supervision, development of a supervision schedule, and proposals for SOP revisions based on evidence-based practice. Data collection used observation sheets, fall risk assessment instruments, and nursing documentation. After three days of resocialization and supervision, the implementation of SOPs for fall risk in low-risk patients was in accordance with the SOPs. However, in high-risk patients, SOP implementation is still limited to displaying yellow triangle signs and locking bed rails, while other interventions have not been optimally implemented. These findings form the basis for developing a structured supervision schedule. Nurses' implementation of fall risk SOPs is optimal in low-risk patients, but not optimal in high-risk patients. Resocialization, ongoing supervision, developing a supervision schedule, and proposing SOP revisions are important strategies for improving nurse compliance and pediatric patient safety.
Analisis Pelaksanaan Safety induction sebagai Dasar Pengembangan Media Edukasi Keselamatan Kerja di PT X
The high rate of occupational accidents globally and nationally demands the strengthening of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management systems, particularly in the high-risk industrial sectors. The study aims to analyze the implementation of safety induction at PT X and develop audiovisual educational media as a solution to improve occupational safety understanding. The research method employed is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques including field observations, in-depth interviews, and review of corporate documents, Problem prioritization was determined using the Urgency, Seriousness, and Growth (USG) method, while root cause analysis was conducted using a Fishbone diagram. Research findings indicate that the current oral delivery method for safety induction is ineffective, as evidenced by 13% of participants needing to retake the comprehension test. As an intervention, “POWER SAFE” video media was developed, which, based on the Methodology, Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Relevance (MEER) analysis, proved to have the highest effectiveness and relevance in delivering standardized safety information. The implications of study emphasize that the use of structured digital media is a strategic step to minimize gaps in understanding and strengthen the safety culture within high-risk work environments.
Analisis Karakteristik dan Penyebab Gangguan Autistik pada Anak
This study aimed to describe the characteristics and contributing factors of autistic disorder in early childhood. The study employed a qualitative approach using a case study method involving a 5-year-1-month-old boy diagnosed with severe autistic disorder. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and psychological assessments using the Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). The findings revealed that the participant experienced significant impairments in social interaction, communication, repetitive behavior, emotional regulation, and adaptive functioning. The participant demonstrated poor eye contact, severe speech delay, stereotyped behaviors such as flapping, hyperactivity, tantrums, and restricted interests in specific objects. VSMS results indicated significant delays in social maturity, while CARS results categorized the participant as having severe autism. Biological factors, including prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal complications, were suspected to contribute to the development of autistic disorder. Environmental factors, particularly inconsistent responses from family members and therapists toward tantrum behaviors, also influenced the participant’s behavioral development. This study highlights the importance of consistent, structured interventions and collaboration between families and therapists in supporting children with autistic disorder.
Konsep Respon Krisis dalam Al-Qur’an: Analisis Tafsir Tematik dan Relevansinya terhadap Praktik Triase Medis
This study aims to examine the concept of crisis response in the Qur'an and its relevance to medical triage practices in contemporary healthcare settings. The method used is a qualitative approach with thematic interpretation (maudhu’i) of Qur’anic verses related to saving lives, emergency conditions (darurah), justice, responsibility, and human limitations. The analysis focuses on how Qur’anic ethical principles can provide guidance in situations where medical resources are limited and difficult decisions must be made. The results show that the Qur'an offers an ethical framework that emphasizes the priority of saving human life, flexibility in emergencies, justice in decision-making, proportional consideration of benefit and harm, and recognition of human limitations in determining outcomes. These principles are closely aligned with the values of modern medical bioethics, namely beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice. Therefore, the Qur'anic perspective can serve as an integrative ethical foundation for medical triage practices, not only in terms of professional and interpersonal responsibility, but also as part of spiritual accountability before God. This research contributes to the development of interdisciplinary studies between Qur'anic studies, Islamic ethics, and medical bioethics.
Penerapan Intervensi Rendam Kaki Air Hangat terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi di Dongkelan Kauman
Hypertension is a chronic condition characterized by systolic blood pressure >130 mmHg and diastolic >80 mmHg, which can lead to serious complications such as stroke and heart failure if left unmanaged. This study aims to describe the application of warm water foot soak intervention in reducing blood pressure among hypertensive patients in the Dongkelan Kauman area. This was a descriptive study with a case study approach involving three elderlies with hypertension. The intervention was conducted for 20 minutes daily using warm water at a temperature of 38-40°C for three consecutive days. Data were collected through interviews and blood pressure measurements using a tensimeter before and after the intervention. The results showed a decrease in blood pressure in all three subjects after routinely implementing the intervention. The highest systolic reduction reached 15 mmHg, while the average diastolic reduction was 5 mmHg. Physiologically, warm water stimulates blood vessel vasodilation, which facilitates blood flow and reduces muscle tension. The study concludes that warm water foot soak therapy potentially effective as a non-pharmacological complementary intervention for controlling blood pressure in elderly patients with hypertension.
Artikel Review: Drug Related Problems Pada Penggunaan Terapi Antidiabetik Oral dan Insulin Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2
Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) are common in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) who receive combination therapy involving oral antidiabetic agents and insulin. This literature review aims to identify the main types of DRPs and the factors contributing to their occurrence based on recent studies from PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar. The most frequently reported DRP is drug interaction, followed by underdosing, overdosing, therapy without indication, untreated indications, adverse drug reactions, and patient-related problems such as non-adherence. Several factors contribute to the occurrence of DRPs, including polypharmacy, inappropriate dosing, the presence of comorbidities, limited patient knowledge regarding therapy, and inadequate clinical monitoring. These conditions may increase the risk of poor glycemic control and treatment failure. Therefore, effective management of DRPs is essential to improve therapeutic outcomes. The findings of this review emphasize the important role of pharmacists in conducting medication reviews, identifying DRPs early, and implementing appropriate interventions to enhance patient safety and optimize treatment in T2DM patients.
Analisis Asupan Zat Gizi Makro dan Mikro di Pondok Pesantren Islamiyah Padanggarugur Padang Lawas Utara
The intake of macro and micro nutrients is very important because the intake of these macronutrients is the main contributor to energy which is the main source for muscle growth. The purpose of this study is to determine the intake of macro and micro nutrients in the Islamic Islamic Boarding School Padang Garugur Padang Lawas Utara. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive research with the aim of creating a description or descriptive of a state of the research object. Data collection was conducted through interviews using macro and micro nutrient tester questionnaires. The questionnaire was given to students and students. The data were analyzed univariate to determine the distribution and frequency. The results of the study showed that the intake of macronutrients of students was in the protein intake of 19 respondents in the poor category, carbohydrate intake as many as 7 respondents in the poor category, and fat intake in 10 respondents in the poor category. The intake of micronutrients, namely the intake of drinking water consumed by students, was 9 respondents in the category of lack. It is recommended that students need to consume a variety of food and beverage intake that has nutritional content, in order to meet nutritional needs.
Penerapan Intervensi Terapi Murotal Ar Rahman terhadap Kestabilan Hemodinamika pada Pasien Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) di Ruang ICU RSUD Prod Dr Margono Soekarjo
Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the types of stroke with the highest rates of mortality and morbidity. This condition is often accompanied by decreased levels of consciousness and hemodynamic instability, particularly in patients undergoing intensive care in the ICU. The application of murottal (Qur’anic recitation) therapy is expected to contribute to the stabilization of patients’ hemodynamic, physical, and physiological conditions. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Qur’anic murottal therapy on the hemodynamic stability of ICU patients at RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. This study used a case study design in the form of a nursing care report involving one patient diagnosed with ICH and a nursing problem of decreased intracranial adaptive capacity. The intervention consisted of listening to the recitation of Surah Ar-Rahman for 20 minutes once per shift over three consecutive days. The observed hemodynamic parameters included blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, oxygen saturation, and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). The results showed that after the administration of the murottal therapy of Surah Ar-Rahman, the patient experienced improvement and stabilization in hemodynamic parameters, including blood pressure, pulse rate, respiration, and oxygen saturation. Qur’anic murottal therapy of Surah Ar-Rahman has a positive effect on the hemodynamic stability of ICH patients in the ICU at RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. This intervention has the potential to serve as a non-pharmacological approach to support holistic recovery and improvement in critically patients.
Hubungan Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy dengan Keberhasilan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif pada Ibu Postpartum
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is crucial for improving maternal and infant health, yet its success remains inconsistent, influenced by psychological factors such as breastfeeding self-efficacy. Mothers with high confidence are more likely to maintain exclusive breastfeeding despite physical and emotional challenges postpartum. Limited evidence exists regarding this relationship at the community level. Objective: This study analyzed the relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and successful exclusive breastfeeding among postpartum mothers. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in Sliyeg Village, the working area of Puskesmas Sliyeg, Indramayu, in March 2026. The population included postpartum mothers with infants aged 0–6 months. A total of 68 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) and an observation sheet for exclusive breastfeeding success. The Chi-Square test was used for analysis with a significance level of α=0.05. Results: Most respondents had high breastfeeding self-efficacy (61.8%) and successfully practiced exclusive breastfeeding (66.2%). Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding success (p=0.001). Conclusion: Breastfeeding self-efficacy is significantly associated with the success of exclusive breastfeeding among postpartum mothers. Enhancing lactation education, family support, and counseling is recommended to strengthen maternal confidence and promote successful exclusive breastfeeding practices.
Efektivitas Media Leaflet Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Tentang Asi Eksklusif : Systematic Literature Review
Exclusive breastfeeding is a crucial step in improving infant health, yet it remains under-practiced in Indonesia. This is primarily due to a lack of knowledge and positive attitudes among mothers. Health education using leaflets has become a popular strategy in community-based nursing due to its simplicity and ease of understanding. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of leaflets in improving maternal knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding exclusive breastfeeding. A systematic literature search was conducted using the PRISMA methodology. Data were collected from scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 that met the inclusion criteria for intervention studies using information leaflets with pregnant, breastfeeding, and postpartum women. Twenty original articles meeting these criteria were analyzed. The results showed that most studies found a significant increase in maternal knowledge after distribution of information leaflets (p < 0.005). Furthermore, improvements in attitudes toward exclusive breastfeeding were observed, although practices varied. Many studies have shown that audiovisual materials are more effective than leaflets, although leaflets are easier to use and distribute. Factors such as social support and infrastructure influence the success of exclusive breastfeeding. This study concluded that leaflets were effective in improving mothers' knowledge and attitudes toward exclusive breastfeeding and remained valuable inhome care, especially when combined with other educational methods
Perbedaan Titer Antibodi Widal O dan H Berdasarkan Riwayat Durasi Infeksi Kurang dan Lebih dari Satu Tahun
Typhoid fever remains a significant diagnostic challenge, particularly regarding the interpretation of Widal test results which are often affected by antibody persistence. This study aims to analyze the variations in Widal antibody titers among students at Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, focusing on the time interval since their last confirmed infection. Using a cross-sectional design, serum samples from 24 students were analyzed through the semi-quantitative slide agglutination technique to detect Salmonella typhi O and H agglutinins. The findings indicated that anti-Salmonella O titers could persist up to 1:320 in individuals with an infection history of more than one year. In contrast, anti-Salmonella H was only identified in more recent infections (less than a year) with a lower titer of 1:80, and was undetectable in samples from infections exceeding one year. These results demonstrate that O antigens remain detectable in the blood significantly longer than H antigens. This study suggests that the duration since the last infection is a critical factor in the screening and validation of Widal test results. Accurate identification of these titer variations is essential for clinical laboratory technologists to provide more precise diagnostic data and support effective clinical management.
Analisis Promosi Kesehatan Berbasis Leaflet Dalam Pencegahan Stunting : Literature Review
Abstract. Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, necessitating health promotion and prevention efforts through health education. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of leaflets in health promotion to prevent stunting in mothers with toddlers. The method used was a literature review with the PRISMA approach, by searching for articles in the Google Scholar, Garuda, PubMed, and Neliti databases using the keywords "stunting," "leaflet," "health promotion," and "health education." Of the 55 articles found, 16 met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the use of leaflets can improve mothers' understanding and attitudes regarding stunting prevention, including knowledge about balanced nutrition, exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and the First 1000 Days of Life (HPK). Leaflets were considered practical, easy to understand, and can be used repeatedly as a means of public health education. The conclusion of this study states that leaflets are effective for use in health promotion as a measure to prevent stunting in community nursing practice.
Analisis Teori Health Belief Model (HBM) dalam Penggunaan Leaflet untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Diet Rendah Garam pada Penderita Hipertensi
Hypertension is a global health problem that requires ongoing management, one of which is through a low-salt diet. However, many people with hypertension do not adhere to this diet due to a lack of information and understanding of the disease's risks. The Health Belief Model (HBM) can be utilized as a health education method to encourage hypertension management behavior using leaflets. This study aims to analyze the application of the HBM theory in the use of leaflets to increase knowledge about a low-salt diet among hypertensive patients in the community. The method used in this study was a literature review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines through the steps of identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and selection of articles until 16 articles were obtained that met the inclusion criteria. The results of this study indicate that leaflets are effective in increasing knowledge about a low-salt diet, adherence to health behaviors, and blood pressure control for people with hypertension. The components of the HBM, such as perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action, play a role in shaping risk perceptions and encouraging changes in health behavior. Therefore, leaflets based on HBM are highly recommended as a form of promotional and preventive intervention in nursing practice in the community because they are easy to use, low cost, and support self-management of hypertension.
Pemanfaatan Hasil Olah Sistem Ipal Air Limbah Domestik Di Pt. X Bandar Lampung
Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang pesat di Indonesia telah mendorong pertumbuhan industri secara signifikan. Meskipun memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan perekonomian masyarakat, pertumbuhan industri juga menimbulkan dampak negatif apabila tidak diiringi dengan pengelolaan lingkungan yang baik, seperti pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan hidup. Salah satu solusi yang dapat diterapkan dalam mengurangi dampak tersebut adalah pengelolaan limbah cair melalui sistem Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL). PT. X, sebagai perusahaan BUMN, turut berkontribusi dalam pengelolaan lingkungan melalui penerapan IPAL. Fokus IPAL di PT. X meliputi perencanaan dan rekayasa instalasi, audit dan inspeksi sistem air, serta monitoring dan pengujian kualitas limbah, khususnya limbah domestik. Limbah domestik, yang berasal dari aktivitas rumah tangga seperti air bekas mandi, mencuci, dan dapur, diolah melalui metode IPAL agar dapat dimanfaatkan kembali untuk keperluan non-konsumsi, seperti penyiraman tanaman dan irigasi. Pengolahan ini menjadi langkah strategis dalam mendukung pembangunan industri yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan.
Hubungan antara Efek Samping Kemoterapi Pasien Kanker Payudara dengan Kualitas Hidup di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Ciremai
Breast cancer has a high global incidence and is the most prevalent cancer among women. Chemotherapy is a primary treatment option, but it may cause various physical and psychological side effects that can reduce patients’ quality of life. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and examine the relationship between chemotherapy side effects and quality of life at the outpatient unit of Ciremai Hospital. A cross-sectional analytical observational design was applied, with 30 patients receiving chemotherapy between May and July as the sample. Data were collected from medical records and the Indonesian version of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, then analyzed using Spearman rank correlation. Most patients were aged 40–60 years, had a senior high school education, were housewives, and were in the 2nd or 5th chemotherapy cycle. Frequently reported side effects included nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, early satiety, dizziness, sleep disturbances, body pain, and alopecia, mostly categorized as moderate. Most patients had a relatively poor quality of life. The analysis indicated a strong positive correlation between chemotherapy side effects and patients’ quality of life, with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.604 (p = 0.000 < 0.05), demonstrating a significant and strong relationship.